Based on annual average temperature and annual precipitation data in eight stations of Alxa League from 1960 to 2012, the changing trend, mutation time point, cycle characteristics of annual average temperature and precipitation in recent 53 years were analyzed by using climatic statistics methods. Results showed that in recently 53 years, the temperature in Alxa League increased significantly, with the increasing rise of 0.33 ℃/10a; the change trend of annual precipitation was not significant, but year variation was great, and the minimum and the maximum annual precipitation differed probably 1.6 times. The annual average temperature had obvious characteristics of the mutation, and the mutation time point was 1987-1988, subsequently the average temperature increased significantly, while the annual precipitation had no obvious mutation characteristic. The annual average temperature had no significant cyclic fluctuation in 53 years time scale,and four years cycle existed between 1980 and 2000. Wavelet cycle characteristics of precipitation was more complex than temperature and showed the characteristics of multi-period superposition. From the 1970＇s of the last century to the end of the last century, the fluctuation of precipitation was more complex and existed significant periodic variations of 12, 9 and 5 years.

A cellulose degrade bacterium from the rumen of the sheep was indentified as Bacillus subtilis by using analysis of morphology and the conserved sequence 16S rDNA. Two different xylanase genes were cloned from the bacterium chromosome DNA by original strain of Bacillus subtilis. The two xylanase genes were connected with vector pMG36e to construct xylanase gene expression vector, and then transformed into E. coli and Lactococcus lactis MGr1363. Both them could express xylanase, and their enzyme activities reached 28.29 U/mL and 7.11 U/mL respectively,which were higher 13.04 times and 3.28 times than that of original strain of Bacillus sub tilis （ 2.17 U/mL）.

Different levels of sodium selenite was added in the diet of cocks to study the sediment amount of selenium in the myocardium tissues of cocks and its effects on the structure of myocardium tissues of cocks, so as to provide reference basis for the application of sodium selenite in the poultry production. 80 health Hyline White adult cocks with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups to add 0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 mg/kg sodium selenite in the diet. The myocardium samples were collected to determine Se content at the end of the experiment. And structure of tissue cells was observed by HE staining. The results showed that Se content in myocardium tissues increased with the increase of Se content in the diet. This study indicated that Se content in myocardium tissues gradually increased with the increase of Se level in the diet. High-selenium diet had some effects on the structure of myocardium tissues. However, the effect was unconspicuous because of lower sediment capability in myocardium tissues than other tissues.

Effects of different managements on the physicochemical properties of soil were discussed through comparing different covers and managements in peach orchards in northern subtropical hilly. Results showed that it could significantly improve the contents of organic matter, water, N, P and K in soil to plant clover in the wholLe garden, and it was the best management mode for the peach orchards in this area.

In order to provide theoretical basis and technical reference for local sheep embryo transfer industry, the synchroestrus treatment were carried out for sheep by using CIDR and Progestagen Sponge methods in the non-breeding season to make frozen embryo transfer, and effects of different estrous methods, ovarian, embryonic age, different transplantation methods and seasons on embryo transfer pregnancy rate were studied. Results showed that the sheep concentrated in estrus after synchroestrus treatment in 24-72 h, and estrus sheep were concentrated most in 36-48 h; the synchronization estrus rates of CIDR method and Progestagen Sponge method were 91.11% and 87.78% （P〉0.05）, and the synchronization estrus sheep transfer utilization rates were 82.93% and 78.48% （P 〉0.05）; one ovary containing one and two of the corpus luteum, and their pregnancy rates were 46.07% and 48.78% （P〉0.05）, the pregnancy rates of morula and blastocysts were 49.25% and 42.11% （P〉0.05）; the pregnancy rates of Laparoscopie method and operation method were 45.16% and 48.52% （P 〉0.05）; the pregnancy rates in November and December were 50.76% and 43.08% （P 〉0.05）. The frozen embryos pregnancy rate of tested sheep was 46.92%, which was basically close to Chinese frozen embryos level and lower than the fresh embryos pregnancy rate （50%-60%） of sheep in China at present. Thereby, there was no significant difference in the effects of different estrous methods, ovarian, embryonic age, different transplantation methods and seasons on embryo transfer pregnancy rate; the Progestagen Sponge could be chosen when most sheep were in estrous synchronization; as long as the quality of corpus luteum of sheep was good, embryo could be transplanted; Laparoscopie method could be widely used to release stress response of sheep and decrease the incidence rate of postoperative metrosynizesis; The frozen embryos pregnancy rate of tested sheep was lower than the fresh embryos pregnancy rate of sheep in China at present, and it could be promoted through screening high efficiency and low toxicity cryoprotectants and improve the operation level of basic technicians.

[Objective] Effects of sheep placental transfer factor injection （SFFF）on immunoglobulin, B lymphocyte and antibody forming cell of tested animals were studied, and the immune regulation of SPIT in animals were explored to evaluate the use value. [ Method ] In test 1, mice were used for the detection of serum immunoglobulin, and the changes of serum immunoglobulin of mice pre- and post injection were compared. In test 2, rabbits were used for EAC rosette test, and the changes of B lymphocyte of mice pre- and post injection were compared. In test 3, mice were used for hemolytic plaque assay, and the changes of antibody forming cell of mice pre- and post injection were compared. [Result] In test 1, SPTF significantly improved the serum immunoglobulin in test group. In test 2, the numbers of EAC rosette forming cells in test group were significantly higher than control. In test 3, the numbers of antibody forming cell of tested animals were very significantly increased. [ Conclusion ] SPTF has significant humoral immune regulation effect on animals.

The effects of inoculum size,initial ammonia nitrogen concentration and initial glucose concentration on L-lysine fermentation was studied by 50 L fermenter test. The results showed that fermentation period was 40 h. The optimal culture conditions were as follows： 10% inoculum size,0.25% initial ammonia nitrogen, 3.5% initial glucose concentration. Under these culture conditions, the average yield of L-lysine was 175 g/L.

In order to improve the enzyme activity of produced amylase Bacillus subtilis N21, this strain was mutated with UV. And some characteristics of amylase were studied. The results showed that the amylase activity of mutant increased from 32.96 U/ mL to 86.24 U/mL, which increased by 161.65% than that of the original strain. The optimal reaction temperature was 35 ℃, the optimal pH value was 7.0. And The amylase activity was stable under the conditions of 30-40℃, pH of 5.0-8.0. Ca2＋and Mn2＋ could activate amylase, and Cu2＋ and Zn2＋ could inhibit amylase activity. And Mg2＋ and Fe2＋ had smaller effects on amylase activity. It was indicated that a mutant strain with higher activity of high-produced amylase was screened out.

The body size and body weight of 45 newborn, 6-month, 12-month embryo-transferred Holstein cows in Jiuquan area of Gansu Province were determined and compared with that in Gansu Friesiml cows, Chinese Holstein cows and local cows in the same stage. The growth laws of body size and body weight of 0-12 month-old embryo-transferred Holstein cows were discussed. The results showed that the accumulated growth of body size and body weight of embryo-transferred Holstein cows gradually increased with the age. The accumulated growth trend of its body size and body weight was similar with that of Gansu Friesian cows, Chinese Holstein cows and local cows. The growth speed of 0-6 month -old embryo -transferred Holstein cows was slower than the growtb speed of body slanting length. The growth speed of cannon circumference and body slanting length of 6-12 month-old was slower than that of body height.

In order to achieve fodder herbage forage grass supply balance,forage yield could be increased through increasing natural grassland area or adjusting planting structure and scale so as to reduce grazing pressure in desert steppe.

Based on web and manual retrieval, the past two decades＇ literatures on experimental research and quality evaluation of the sea-buckthorn fodder were reviewed. With the analyses on the sources, types, application ranges, nutritive values and other aspects of sea-buckthorn fodder, this article would provide valuable references and solutions for the exploitation and utilization, quality evaluation and sustainable development of sea-buckthorn fodder.

It was emphasized that ＂experiencing teaching＂ on student-centered, learning-by-doing and learning-by-thinking was conducive to the cultivation of innovative talents. The application of experiencing teaching in practice teaching of veterinary medicine speciality was actively explored, so as to provide new thought for the reform of practice teaching.

Taking the curriculum teaching reform of Animal Cell Biology as main study objects, the disadvantages in the current teaching process of Animal Cell Biology in universities and colleges were mainly analyzed. And some corresponding solutions were put forward so as to improve the teaching effectiveness.

To strengthen college students＇ comprehensive quality and develop their innovative ability, reformation in the process of cultivating students of food quality and safety were explored, especially in the area of the thinking for improving students＇ practical innovation ability from the experimental teaching, students＇ scientific research iLnnovation, practice base construction and teaching staff,furthermore a scientific and efficient food quality and safety of the major ways for the cultivation of the students＇ practical ability to innovate was established.

In order to cultivate senior application-oriented biotechnology talents, the professional curriculum system construction and teaching reform were explored. Improvement measures were proposed from the aspects of curriculum system construction, practical teaching tache, teaching staff construction, so as to make the curriculum system construction,arrangement of teaching content and class period more scientifically and reasonably. And the learning enthusiasm and initiative of students were fully mobilized, so as to improve the teaching effect and enhance the quality of talent cultivation.

The American beef cattle industry is at a leading level in the world not only in beef cattle varieties, production methods, service system, product quality, but also in complete and standardized production system. The system is breeding cattle farm - cows with calves breeding farm - store cattle feedlot - feedlot-slaughter and processing field. Meanwhile, the beef cattle industry study is divided into theoretical research and practical research. In order to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the beef industry, theoretical research is mainly the prospective scientific research in the field, and practical research is mainly to solve current problems and difficulties.

Optimizing the production structure is an important part in the development of animal husbandry. Results of investigation and analysis on several animal husbandry enterprises in China showed that in the restriction factors of animal husbandry production structure, three main factors like natural resources factor, social development factor and scientific and technological progress factor could be extracted through the factor analysis. Thereby, corresponding measures for adjusting and optimizing the structure of animal husbandry production in China should be taken around these three aspects.

The biological characteristics and culture techniques of pig were introduced. The current situations of pig breeding in Xinyu City of Jiangxi Province in recent two years were investigated. The existing problems in pig breeding were analyzed. And some countermeasures were put forward.

At present, rabbit keeping accounts for smallproporti~n in animal husbandry, but rabbit meat is full in nutrition and has health function, so rabbit meat industry has been fast developed in many countries and paid attention by more and more consumers. The present situation in the production and procession of rabbit meat were discussed, and the problems of them were analyzed. Prospect and development of rabbit production and processing were also mentioned.

The characteristics ,composition ,action principle of effective microorganisms and its application in agriculture and animal husbandry were summarized. And some suggestions were proposed for the further study and application of EM technology.

Due to the restrictions of funds, personnel, field and other factors, the harmless disposal of dead livestock and poultry. has become the bottleneck for realizing the coordinated development of economy, society, resource and environment in animal husbandry and breeding industry for a long time. To change this unfavorable situation, it was proposed that the harmless disposal site of dead hvestock and pouhry in towns under the supervision of focal animal epidemic presention supervision department should be taken as the responsibility subject to take charge the unified collection and harmless disposal of dead livestock and poultry under their coverage. And how to make full of the leading role of government was discussed.

Eupatorium adenophorum Sprengel is a kind of poisonous weed in the world. Its invasion brought serious destruction of ecological environment,agriculture and forestry and animal husbandry in China. And huge economic losses were caused. The characteristics,chemical component,invasion mechanism, harm, control measures and activity of E. adenophorum Sprengel and its application in feed production were discussed.

The grassland is the material base of animal husbandry production, and it is also a major terrestrial system. In order to alleviate grassland and animal contradictions in pasturing areas of Rikaze area in Tibet and improve the resistance to natural disaster in animal husbandry, grassland construction and management was combined with deepening and perfecting the economic reform of animal husbandry,so as to make animal husbandry production a healthy and steady development and obtain better economic benefits. The grassland protection and construction, the development of animal husbandry were briefly discussed. Based on analyzing the existing problems, some measures and countermeasures were put forward.

The prevention of parasitic diseases for big water-surface culture has always been the key link in aquaculture work, and a detailed analysis of this part of a comprehensive work is constantly strengthening and improving the key problems. The specific preventive measures of parasitic diseases for big water-surface culture were introduced, and one of the key points was summarized in order to further enhance to this work.