北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 17-23.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.01.03

• 作物栽培·种质资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

棉花花生间作对作物生长发育及产量的影响

李宗宸, 位守燃, 丁晓燕, 张伟   

  1. 石河子大学,新疆 石河子 832000
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-11 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-06-26
  • 通讯作者: 张伟(1979—),男,教授,博士,主要从事农田生态与生物多样性方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:李宗宸(2003—),男,本科生,专业为农学。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团人才专项“兵团英才”第二周期第二层次项目(CZ005110)

Effects of cotton and peanut intercropping on crop growth and development and yield

LI Zongchen, WEI Shouran, DING Xiaoyan, ZHANG Wei   

  1. Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China
  • Received:2024-06-11 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-06-26

摘要: 【目的】探究新疆石河子市棉花花生间作对作物生长发育及产量的影响。【方法】设置棉花单作、花生单作、棉花花生间作3种种植模式,于2023年6月11日—8月9日取样并测定作物株高、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)及0~20、20~40 cm土层作物根系密度(RLD)值,9月上旬测定产量,分析不同种植模式对作物生长及土地当量比(LER)的影响。【结果】6月11日—8月9日,间作棉花株高较单作提高7.61%~15.90%,间作花生株高较单作提高4.32%~41.86%;6月30日和7月9日间作棉花SPAD值较单作分别显著增加23.06%和8.90%(P<0.05),6月30日、7月9日和7月20日单作花生SPAD值分别较间作显著增加13.88%、8.13%和15.64%(P<0.05)。0~20 cm土层下,6月30日间作棉花RLD值较单作显著提高34.82%(P<0.05),6月30日、7月9日和7月20日间作花生RLD值较单作分别显著提高29.21%、42.97%和30.76%(P<0.05);20~40 cm土层下,6月30日和7月20日间作棉花RLD值较单作分别显著提高37.58%和57.43%(P<0.05),6月11日、6月30日、7月9日和8月9日单作花生RLD值分别较间作显著提高47.25%、45.18%、22.22%和30.95%(P<0.05)。由于两种作物对光照的竞争以及资源和种植环境受限,单作棉花产量较间作高24.36%,单作花生产量较间作高13.64%;棉花花生间作LER为1.62。【结论】间作可以提高新疆石河子市棉花和花生的株高以及间作前期棉花的SPAD值,虽然产量低于单作,但仍具有间作优势。

关键词: 间作, 棉花, 花生, 生长发育, 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】To explore the effects of cotton and peanut intercropping on crop growth and development and yield in Shihezi,Xinjiang.【Methods】Three planting patterns were set up namely cotton monoculture,peanut monoculture and cotton and peanut intercropping. Sampling and measuring plant height,chlorophyll content(SPAD value) and root density(RLD) value in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers from June 11 to August 9,2023,measuring the yield in early september,and analyzing the effects of different planting patterns on crop growth and land equivalent ratio(LER).【Results】From June 11 to August 9,intercropping cotton plant height increased by 7.61% to 15.90% compared with monoculture cotton,intercropping peanut plant height increased by 4.32% to 41.86% compared with monoculture peanut;the SPAD value of intercropping cotton on June 30 and July 9 were significantly increased by 23.06% and 8.90% compared with monoculture cotton(P<0.05),and the SPAD value of monoculture peanut on June 30,July 9 and July 20 were significantly increased by 13.88%,8.13% and 15.64% compared with intercropping peanut(P<0.05),respectively. In 0-20 cm soil layer,the RLD value of intercropping cotton was significantly increased by 34.82% on June 30 compared with monoculture cotton(P<0.05),and the RLD value of intercropping peanut on June 30,July 9 and July 20 were significantly increased by 29.21%,42.97% and 30.76% compared with monoculture peanut(P<0.05);in 20-40 cm soil layer,the RLD value of intercropping cotton on June 30 and July 20 were significantly increased by 37.58% and 57.43% compared with monoculture cotton,respectively(P<0.05),the RLD value of monoculture peanut on June 11,June 30,July 9 and August 9 were significantly increased by 47.25%,45.18%,22.22% and 30.95% compared with intercropping peanut,respectively(P<0.05). Due to the competition between the two crops for light and the limitation of resources and planting environment,the yield of monoculture cotton was 24.36% higher than that of intercropping cotton,the yield of monoculture peanut was 13.64% higher than intercropping peanut;the LER of intercropping cotton and peanut was 1.62.【Conclusion】Intercropping increased the plant height of cotton and peanut,and promoted the SPAD value of cotton in the early intercropping stage in Shihezi,Xinjiang.Although the yield of intercropping cotton and peanut was lower than monoculture,it still had the advantage of intercropping.

Key words: Intercropping, Cotton, Peanut, Growth and development, Yield

中图分类号: 

  • S562