混合盐碱胁迫下水稻幼苗生长的限制因子分析

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.02.04

北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 36-47.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.02.04

• 分子生物学·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

混合盐碱胁迫下水稻幼苗生长的限制因子分析

刘晓龙¹, 凌凤楼², 齐泽鑫², 徐晨³, 季平¹, 李前³, 李鑫⁴, 张治安²

1.宜春学院生命科学与资源环境学院,江西宜春 336000;
2.吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春 130118;
3.吉林省农业科学院（中国农业科技东北创新中心）农业资源与环境研究所,吉林长春 130033;
4.涉县以岭燕赵中药材有限公司,河北涉县 056400

收稿日期:2024-09-27 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-09-08
通讯作者: 张治安（1964—）,男,教授,博士,主要从事作物产量生理方面的研究工作。
作者简介:刘晓龙（1987—）,男,副教授,博士,主要从事作物逆境生理生态及分子机制方面的研究工作。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（32260803）; 江西省自然科学基金重点项目（20232ACB205019）; 吉林省科技发展计划项目（20240303007NC）

Analysis of limiting factors for rice seedling growth under mixed saline-alkali stress

LIU Xiaolong¹, LING Fenglou², QI Zexin², XU Chen³, JI Ping¹, LI Qian³, LI Xin⁴, ZHANG Zhi′an²

1. College of Life Sciences and Resources and Environmental Sciences,Yichun University,Yichun 336000,China;
2. Faculty of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;
3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences（Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China）,Changchun 130033,China;
4. Shexian County Yiling-Yanzhao Traditional Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd.,Shexian County 056400,China

Received:2024-09-27 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-09-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究混合盐碱胁迫对水稻幼苗生长和生理代谢的影响。【方法】以8个粳稻品种为试验材料,设置3个混合盐碱胁迫梯度,盐碱比分别为7∶3（SA1）、5∶5（SA2）、3∶7（SA3）,蒸馏水处理为对照（CK）,混合盐碱胁迫7 d后测定水稻幼苗生长和生理指标。【结果】与CK相比,混合盐碱胁迫导致水稻叶片枯萎率显著增加了57.49%~98.43%、叶绿素含量显著下降了49.63%~79.01%、叶片含水量显著下降了3.75~30.90个百分点、根系含水量显著下降了3.63~14.31个百分点、总根长显著下降了14.55%~56.81%、根尖数显著下降了23.28%~71.71%（P<0.05）;各处理下的水稻幼苗渗透调节物质、Na⁺和活性氧（ROS）含量显著增加（P<0.05）,K⁺含量显著下降（P<0.05）,且盐敏感品种生长指标受混合盐碱胁迫的抑制程度高于耐盐品种、渗透调节物质和K⁺含量低于耐盐品种、ROS和Na⁺含量高于耐盐品种。【结论】混合盐碱胁迫对水稻幼苗生长的抑制作用是渗透胁迫、离子毒害和高pH胁迫的综合作用,且对根系生长的抑制更大;较高的pH值加剧了水稻幼苗的离子毒害和高pH胁迫,影响渗透调节系统,造成多种生理代谢紊乱,抑制幼苗生长。

关键词: 混合盐碱胁迫, 水稻, 幼苗, 根系, 生理代谢

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the effects of mixed saline-alkali stress on the growth and physiological metabolism of rice seedlings.【Methods】Eight japonica rice varieties were used as experimental materials. Three gradients of mixed saline-alkali stress were set with salt-alkali ratios of 7∶3（SA1）,5∶5（SA2） and 3∶7（SA3）,with distilled water treatment as the control（CK）. After 7 days of mixed saline-alkali stress,growth and physiological indices of rice seedlings were measured.【Results】Compared to the control（CK）,mixed saline-alkali stress significantly increased the rate of withered leaves by 57.49%-98.43%,and significantly reduced chlorophyll content by 49.63%-79.01%,water content of leaves by 3.75-30.90 percentage points,water content of roots by 3.63-14.31 percentage points,total root length by 14.55%-56.81%,and root tip numbers by 23.28%-71.71%（P<0.05）;the contents of osmoregulatory substances,Na⁺,and reactive oxygen species（ROS） in rice seedlings significantly increased（P<0.05）,while K⁺ content significantly decreased（P<0.05） under all treatments. Saline-sensitive varieties exhibited a higher degree of inhibition in growth indices,lower contents of osmoregulatory substances and K⁺,and higher contents of ROS and Na⁺ under mixed saline-alkali stress compared to salt-tolerant varieties.【Conclusion】The inhibition of rice seedling growth under mixed saline-alkali stress is the result of combined osmotic stress,ion toxicity,and high pH stress,with root growth being more severely affected;elevated pH value aggravates ion toxicity and high pH-induced stress,disrupts the osmoregulatory system,causes multiple physiological and metabolic disorders,and ultimately inhibits seedling growth.

Key words: Mixed saline-alkali stress, Rice, Seedling, Root system, Physiological metabolism

中图分类号:

S511

刘晓龙, 凌凤楼, 齐泽鑫, 徐晨, 季平, 李前, 李鑫, 张治安. 混合盐碱胁迫下水稻幼苗生长的限制因子分析[J]. 北方农业学报, 2025, 53(2): 36-47.

LIU Xiaolong, LING Fenglou, QI Zexin, XU Chen, JI Ping, LI Qian, LI Xin, ZHANG Zhi′an. Analysis of limiting factors for rice seedling growth under mixed saline-alkali stress[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2025, 53(2): 36-47.

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混合盐碱胁迫下水稻幼苗生长的限制因子分析

Analysis of limiting factors for rice seedling growth under mixed saline-alkali stress

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