关键词: 梨树, 产量, 土壤, 有机肥, 改良剂, 西北旱区

Abstract: 【Objective】To explore the effects of different soil improvement methods on the growth,yield of pear trees and soil physical and chemical properties in the arid areas of northwest China,and to compare the differences in the effects of different improvement methods.【Methods】The ten-year-old crisp pear trees was taken as research object,and the Baijitan area of Ningxia was selected as the experimental site. Four treatments were set up on the basis of drip irrigation：control（CK）,organic fertilizer treatment（OFT）,soil amendment treatment（SAT）,and organic fertilizer+soil amendment treatment（COA）. The effects of different treatments on new shoot length,new shoot stem diameter,yield and its components of pear trees,as well as soil bulk density,moisture content,pH value,electrical conductivity,organic matter,nutrient contents and other indicators in the 0-100 cm soil layer were analyzed.【Results】During the entire growth period of pear trees,all treatments effectively promoted new shoot growth and increased stem diameter. Among them,SAT treatment had the most significant effect on promoting new shoot length,and COA treatment had the best effect on increasing new shoot stem diameter. In terms of yield and its components,the COA treatment produced the largest single fruit volume of pear trees,reaching 133.86 cm³,the greatest single fruit weight,reaching 152.47 g,and the highest total yield,reaching 51.28 t/hm². Different soil improvement methods significantly reduced soil bulk density in each soil layer,among which the COA treatment had the lowest bulk density of 1.32 g/cm³ in the 0-10 cm soil layer. The effect of the COA treatment on increasing total potassium content was obvious,and the total potassium content was 19.21 g/kg,which was significantly higher than those under other treatments（P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】Under the condition of drip irrigation in pear orchards in the arid areas of northwest China,the combined mode of organic fertilizer and soil amendment can effectively promote the growth of pear trees,synergistically improve the soil structure in the root zone,and enhance water and fertilizer retention capacity.

Key words: Pear tree, Yield, Soil, Organic fertilizer, Soil amendment, Arid areas of northwest China