关键词: 小麦, 冬季冻害, 抗寒育种, 低温筛选

Abstract: Yanqing,Beijing and Zunhua,Hebei,which are the locations for the national and Hebei Triticum aestivum regional test varieties to be tested for cold resistance,most of the years were warm winter,and there were problems such as failure to detect Triticum aestivum varieties with poor cold resistance.Therefore,Yuxian County,Hebei Province,where the winter temperature was lower （90% of the year in January,the lowest temperature was lower than -18 ℃）, was selected as the test site for the cold resistance of the new Triticum aestivum breeding early generation （F₄） line,and the ultra-low temperature overwintering method was selected,and it was of great significance to carry out ultra-low temperature overwintering selection method to breed new varieties of cold-resistant and high-yielding Triticum aestivum.This article summarized the identification methods and screening indicators of Triticum aestivum cold resistance from the morphological,physiological and molecular levels,and evaluated the scientific basis,implementation effects and identification technology of the “Ultra-low temperature overwintering selection method”,and it aimed to provide a reference for the application of “Ultra-low temperature overwintering selection method” in the selection and breeding of new Triticum aestivum varieties with high yield and cold resistance.

Key words: Triticum aestivum, Winter frost damage, Cold hardiness breeding, Low temperature screening