宁夏引黄灌区水稻锌锰微肥应用效果分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-1197.2019.06.08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了进一步优化宁夏引黄灌区水稻施肥方案、提高产量、提升品质,试验通过探究不施微肥（CK）、基施锌肥、基施锰肥、基施+喷施锌肥、基施+喷施锰肥5个不同施肥处理对水稻株高、产量因子、产量和稻米品质的影响,明确其适宜种类及施用方法。结果表明：采用基施+喷施锌肥处理水稻株高、穗长表现最好,采用基施+喷施锰肥处理水稻总穗粒数、结实粒数表现最好;基施+喷施锌肥、基施锰肥处理水稻产量分别比不施微肥处理（CK）增加了872.8,681.6 kg/hm²,增产率分别为9.09%和7.10%。稻米品质因子分析显示,基施锰肥或基施+喷施锰肥能够提高稻米蛋白质含量、糙米率、精米率、整精米率,降低碳水化合物含量、垩白粒率、垩白度;在宁夏引黄灌区采用基施锌肥或基施+喷施锌肥处理能够提高稻米的蛋白质含量和糙米率,降低碳水化合物含量;基施+喷施锌肥处理能够提高稻米的精米率和整精米率。锌肥的施用采取基施+喷施水稻增产效果较好,锰肥采用基施水稻的增产效果较好。

关键词: 水稻, 微量元素肥料, 产量, 品质

Abstract: In order to further optimize the rice fertilization scheme in Ningxia irrigation area to increase production and improve quality,the effects of five different fertilizer treatments （no-micronutrient fertilizer,base Zinc fertilizer,base Manganese fertilizer,basal application+spraying of Zinc fertilizer,and basal application+spraying of Manganese fertilizer） on rice plant height,yield factor,yield,and rice quality were studied to find the appropriate type and application method.The results showed that the basal application and spraying with zinc fertilizer had the best performance for rice plant height and panicle length,while the basal application and spraying with manganese fertilizer had the best performance for rice grain number per panicle and seed number per panicle.The yield of rice treated with basal + zinc fertilizer and manganese fertilizer increased by 872.8 kg/hm² and 681.6 kg/hm²,respectively,compared with that without microfertilizer（CK）,and the yield increased by 9.09% and 7.10%,respectively.The analysis of rice quality factor showed that the basal application of manganese fertilizer or basal application of manganese fertilizer plus spraying could improve the rice protein content,the brown rice rate,the milled rice rate,and the whole milled rice rate,and reduce the carbohydrate content,the chalky grain rate,and the chalkiness.Application of zinc fertilizer or base application+spray application of zinc fertilizer in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area can increase the protein content and the brown rice rate,and reduce the carbohydrate content.The rate of milled rice and the rate of whole milled rice can be improved by basal application+spraying of Zinc fertilizer.The effect of basal application+spraying of Zinc fertilizer on rice was greater than that of basal applying manganese fertilizer on rice.

Key words: Rice, Trace elements fertilizer, Yield, Quality

中图分类号:

S511

张丽, 耿荣, 任杨. 宁夏引黄灌区水稻锌锰微肥应用效果分析[J]. 北方农业学报, 2019, 47(6): 47-52.

ZHANG Li, GENG Rong, REN Yang. Application effects of zinc and manganese fertilizers in rice in Ningxia Irrigation Area of Yellow River diversion[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2019, 47(6): 47-52.

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