北方农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5): 40-50.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2023.05.04

• 土壤肥料 · 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱对不同马铃薯品种生长和产量的影响

李保成1,2,3, 康文钦2, 任永峰2,3, 张德健1, 李娟1, 张向前2, 赵志媛4, 韩云飞2,3, 张乐2,3, 伞薪潼2,3   

  1. 1.内蒙古大学 生命科学学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070
    2.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
    3.内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
    4.内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010000
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-06 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2024-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 张德健(1972—),男,教授,博士,主要从事旱作农业生态及农田生态治理的研究工作。任永峰(1984—),男,研究员,博士,主要从事旱作农业技术的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:李保成(1998—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物资源学与植物化学。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古农牧业科技创新基金项目(2022CXJJN10);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD901104)

Effects of drought on the growth and yield of different potato varieties

LI Baocheng1,2,3, KANG Wenqin2, REN Yongfeng2,3, ZHANG Dejian1, LI Juan1, ZHANG Xiangqian2, ZHAO Zhiyuan4, HAN Yunfei2,3, ZHANG Le2,3, SAN Xintong2,3   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,China
    2. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China
    3. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dry Farming Agriculture,Hohhot 010031,China
    4. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Hohhot 010000,China
  • Received:2023-07-06 Online:2023-10-20 Published:2024-01-04

摘要:

【目的】明确干旱环境对不同马铃薯品种生长和产量的影响,并评价抗旱性。【方法】对8个马铃薯品种进行正常灌水和干旱胁迫处理,测定株高、茎粗、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、干物质积累量、根冠比和产量,利用主成分分析和隶属函数法计算综合抗旱度量值(D),并对不同马铃薯品种的抗旱性进行综合评价。【结果】干旱胁迫处理下,不同马铃薯品种株高、茎粗、叶面积指数和产量较正常灌水处理有所降低、SPAD值有所上升;大丰10号和希森6号的各项指标与正常灌水处理差异不显著或降幅较小,鲁引1号、大丰9号和冀张薯12号的各项指标均显著低于正常灌水处理。干旱胁迫处理下,不同品种间植株各指标差异明显,希森6号株高和茎粗表现最佳,分别为64.20 cm 和12.63 mm;鲁引1号株高最低,为49.53 cm;冀张薯12号茎粗最小,为10.13 mm;华颂7号SPAD值最高,为53.03;冀张薯12号SPAD值最小,为39.73。干旱胁迫处理下,大丰10号在叶面积指数、干物质积累量、根冠比和产量方面表现最佳,分别为1.88、170.80 g/株、0.12、34 750 kg/hm2;冀张薯12号的叶面积指数、根冠比和产量表现最差,分别为0.94、0.08、18 750 kg/hm2;大丰9号干物质积累量最小,为121.78 g/株。干旱胁迫处理下,大丰10号和希森6号抗旱指数较高,分别为0.986和0.756。对各项指标进行主成分分析,共得到2个主成分:第1主成分贡献率为57.807%,特征值为5.203;第2主成分贡献率为20.281%,特征值为1.825。干旱胁迫处理下,大丰10号的综合抗旱度量值最大,为1.000。【结论】根据干旱胁迫处理下不同马铃薯品种生长和产量表现以及综合抗旱度量值大小,大丰10号抗旱性较强。

关键词: 马铃薯, 干旱胁迫, 生长指标, 产量, 抗旱性

Abstract:

【Objective】To investigate the effects of drought on the growth,yield of different potato varieties and evaluate their drought resistance.【Methods】Plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index,chlorophyll content(SPAD value),dry matter accumulation,root-shoot ratio and yield were measured for 8 potato varieties treated with normal irrigation and drought stress. Using principal component analysis and membership function method,the comprehensive drought resistance measure(D) was calculated. The drought resistance of different potato varieties were then comprehensively evaluated.【Results】Under drought stress,the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index and yield of the different potato varieties were all lower than those of normal irrigation treatment,while SPAD values were higher. The indexes of Dafeng No. 10 and Xisen No. 6 had no significant differences with normal irrigation treatment or small decreases,while the indexes of Luyin No.1,Dafeng No. 9 and Jizhangshu No. 12 were significantly lower than those of normal irrigation treatment. Different varieties had clear differences in the indexes. Xisen No. 6 had the best plant height and stem diameter of 64.20 cm and 12.63 mm,respectively. Luyin No. 1 had the lowest plant height of 49.53 cm. Jizhangshu No. 12 had the smallest stem diameter of 10.13 mm. Huasong No. 7 had the highest SPAD value of 53.03,while Jizhangshu No. 12 had the lowest at 39.73. Dafeng No. 10 performed best in leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,root-shoot ratio and yield of 1.88,170.80 g/plant,0.12,and 34 750 kg/hm2,respectively. Jizhangshu No. 12 had the worst leaf area index,root-shoot ratio and yield of 0.94,0.08,and 18 750 kg/hm2. At 121.78 g/plant,Dafeng No. 9 had the lowest dry matter accumulation. Dafeng No. 10 and Xisen No. 6 had high drought resistance indexes of 0.986 and 0.756,respectively. Two principal components were obtained through principal component analysis:the first contributed 57.807% and the eigenvalue was 5.203,and the second contributed 20.281% and the eigenvalue was 1.825. Under drought stress,the comprehensive drought resistance measure of Dafeng No. 10 was the largest,1.000.【Conclusion】Based on the growth,yield,and the comprehensive drought resistance measure of different potato varieties,Dafeng No. 10 showed strong drought resistance.

Key words: Potato, Drought stress, Growth indexes, Yield, Drought resistance

中图分类号: 

  • S532