北方农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 103-111.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2024.01.12

• 生理生化·节水灌溉 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同滴灌处理对藜麦生长及光合特性的影响

韩云飞1, 任永峰1, 赵沛义1, 杜二小1, 赵志媛2, 张娜2, 刘小月1, 张鹏1, 苗新岳3   

  1. 1.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031;
    2.内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010013;
    3.东北农业大学 资源环境学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-16 出版日期:2024-05-17 发布日期:2024-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 任永峰(1984—),男,研究员,博士,主要从事作物栽培学与耕作学的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:韩云飞(1995—),男,硕士,主要从事旱作农业的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019MS03030)

Effects of different drip irrigation treatments on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of quinoa

HAN Yunfei1, REN Yongfeng1, ZHAO Peiyi1, DU Erxiao1, ZHAO Zhiyuan2, ZHANG Na2, LIU Xiaoyue1, ZHANG Peng1, MIAO Xinyue3   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Hohhot 010013,China;
    3. School of Resources and Environment,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China
  • Received:2023-05-16 Online:2024-05-17 Published:2024-05-17

摘要: 【目的】探究不同灌水时期和灌水量对阴山北麓地区藜麦生长和光合特性的影响,明确该地区藜麦合理灌溉制度。【方法】试验地点为内蒙古武川旱作试验站,采取随机区组设计,设置W1(苗期+分枝期灌水)、W2(苗期+显穗期灌水)、W3(苗期+灌浆期灌水)、W4(苗期+分枝期+显穗期灌水)、W5(苗期+分枝期+灌浆期灌水)和W6(苗期+显穗期+灌浆期灌水)6个不同滴灌处理,监测藜麦生育时期植株干物质积累动态、叶面积指数、光合特性变化和作物产量效应。【结果】在藜麦整个生育期内,干物质积累量、叶面积指数随灌水量的增加呈上升趋势,在灌浆期W5处理叶面积指数较W1处理增高45.00%。在藜麦开花期,随灌水量增加植株叶片光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均呈下降趋势,但一定程度的亏缺灌溉可显著提高叶片水分利用效率,W5处理叶片水分利用效率较W1处理显著增高39.04%(P<0.05)。不同滴灌处理下藜麦产量差异显著,W5处理产量最高,为2 245.60 kg/hm2,相较于W1处理显著提高78.68%(P<0.05)。【结论】在阴山北麓地区,于藜麦苗期、分枝期、灌浆期进行灌溉,灌水总量为1 350 m3/hm2时能够提高水分利用效率,可实现高产。

关键词: 藜麦, 滴灌, 光合特性, 产量, 阴山北麓

Abstract: 【Objective】Explore the effects of different irrigation periods and amounts on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of quinoa in the northern foothills of the Yinshan Mountains,to determine the reasonable irrigation system for quinoa in the area.【Methods】In Wuchuan Dry Farming Experiment Station in Inner Mongolia,6 drip irrigation treatments,W1(irrigation in the seedling stage + branching stage),W2(irrigation in the seedling stage + heading stage),W3(irrigation in the seedling stage + filling stage),W4(irrigation in the seedling stage + branching stage + heading stage),W5(irrigation in the seedling stage + branching stage + filling stage),and W6(irrigation in the seedling stage + heading stage + filling stage)were set up. The plant dry matter accumulation dynamics,leaf area index,changes in photosynthetic characteristics and crop yield effects of quinoa during the growth period were monitored.【Results】During the entire growth period of quinoa,dry matter accumulation and leaf area index showed upward trends with the increase of drip irrigation amount. The leaf area index of W5 treatment increased by 45.00% compared with W1 treatment in the filling stage. During the flowering stage of quinoa,the leaf photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance had downward trends as the drip irrigation amount increased,but some levels of deficit irrigation could significantly improve leaf water use efficiency. The leaf water use efficiency of W5 treatment significantly increased(P<0.05) by 39.04% compared to W1 treatment. There were significant differences in the yield of quinoa under different drip irrigation treatments. W5 treatment had the highest yield of 2 245.60 kg/hm2,which was significantly increased (P<0.05) by 78.68% compared to W1 treatment.【Conclusion】In the northern foothills of Yinshan Mountains,irrigation with a total volume of 1 350 m3/hm2 during the seedling,branching,and filling stages of quinoa improved water use efficiency and achieved high yield.

Key words: Quinoa, Drip irrigation, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield, Northern foothills of Yinshan Mountains

中图分类号: 

  • S519