关键词: 气象因子, 高粱, 产量, 叶面积指数, 干物质积累量

Abstract: 【Objective】To explore the effect and regularity of meteorological factors on the growth and yield of sorghum.【Methods】Taking meteorological factors from different years in the planting area of Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia as the main factor,experiments were conducted for three consecutive years using sorghum varieties Liaonian No. 3 and Liaoza 37 as materials. The effects of meteorological factors on plant height,LAI,dry matteraccumulation,grain weight per panicle,1 000-grain weight,yield of sorghum in each growing stages were studied by correlation analysis and grey relation analysis,and the key meteorological factors were revealed.【Results】The growth period of seedling-emerging stage has a significantly negative correlation with average daily accumulated temperature（P<0.05） and an extremely significant negative correlation with average sunshine hours（P<0.01）,the growth period of emerging-flowering stage has a significantly negative correlation with average sunshine hours（P<0.01）,and the whole growth period had a significantly negative correlation with average daily accumulated temperature（P<0.05）. There was a extremely significant positive correlation between the growth rate of LAI and rainfall from 10 d to 60 d after emergence（P<0.01）,There was a significant positive correlation between the growth rate of plant height from 10 d to 70 d after emergence and accumulated temperature（P<0.01）,There was a significant positive correlation between accumulation rate of dry matter accumulation and sunshine hours at seedling-jointing stage（P<0.05）,at jointing-flowering stage it was significantly positive correlated with accumulated temperature（P<0.05）,at 40 days after flowering it was significantly positively correlated with accumulated temperature and sunshine hours（P<0.05）. The results of grey correlation degree analysis showed that the three meteorological factors that had the greatest influence on grain weight per panicle were the effective accumulated temperature during the growth period,the daily average temperature before flowering,and the effective accumulated temperature before flowering;and the three meteorological factors that had the greatest influence on the 1 000-grain weight were the daily average temperature before flowering,the effective accumulated temperature during the growth period and the effective accumulated temperature before flowering;The three meteorological factors that had the greatest influence on yield were the effective accumulated temperature after flowering,the daily average temperature during growth period and the daily average temperature after flowering.【Conclusion】The key meteorological factors affecting the growth period,plant height,LAI,dry matter accumulation,grain weight per panicle,1 000-grain weight and yield of each growing stage,of sorghum were different. The key meteorological factors affecting each index could be fully utilized in production,such as adjusting the sowing date or other measures to change the growth expectation of sorghum.

Key words: Meteorological factors, Sorghum, Yield, Leaf area index, Dry matter accumulation