北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 78-87.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.04.07

• 土壤肥料·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

间作箭筈豌豆翻压还田减施氮肥对马铃薯生长及产量的影响

刘新雨1,2, 韩云飞2,3,4, 杜二小2,3,4, 张乐1,2, 李保成2, 伞薪潼2, 王艳莉5, 赵沛义2,3,4, 任永峰2,3,4   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学 农学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 10019;
    2.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特 10031;
    3.内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 10031;
    4.农业农村部黑土地保护与利用重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 10031;
    5.兴安盟农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古 乌兰浩特 37400
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-24 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-12-09
  • 通讯作者: 赵沛义(1972—),男,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,主要从事作物栽培与耕作学方面的研究工作。任永峰(1984—),男,研究员,博士,主要从事旱作农业技术方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:刘新雨(2000—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为旱地作物栽培与生理生态研究。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古农牧业科技创新基金项目(2022CXJJN10); 内蒙古科技计划项目(2023SKYPT0032); 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901104)

Effects of common vetch intercropping and its turning and returning to the field with reduced nitrogen fertilizer on potato growth and yield

LIU Xinyu1,2, HAN Yunfei2,3,4, DU Erxiao2,3,4, ZHANG Le1,2, LI Baocheng2, SAN Xintong2, WANG Yanli5, ZHAO Peiyi2,3,4, REN Yongfeng2,3,4   

  1. 1. College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 10019,China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 10031,China;
    3. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture,Hohhot 10031,China;
    4. Key Laboratory of Black Land Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hohhot 10031,China;
    5. Hinggan League Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Ulanhot 37400,China
  • Received:2024-06-24 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2025-12-09

摘要: 【目的】探究内蒙古阴山北麓间作箭筈豌豆翻压还田减施氮肥对马铃薯生长及产量的影响。【方法】设置马铃薯单作+传统施肥(CK)、马铃薯箭筈豌豆间作+传统施肥(T1)、马铃薯单作+减施20%氮肥(T2)、马铃薯箭筈豌豆间作+减施20%氮肥(T3)4个处理,对比分析不同处理对各生育时期马铃薯株高、茎粗、光合性能、干物质积累量、产量及其构成因素的影响。【结果】间作条件下,马铃薯株高、茎粗、SPAD值、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度、干物质积累量、产量均高于单作。与CK相比,淀粉积累期,T3处理马铃薯株高和茎粗分别显著提高7.35%和6.34%(P<0.05);块茎形成期,T3处理马铃薯SPAD值、净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度分别显著提高10.07%、17.89%、7.57%、23.67%(P<0.05);块茎膨大期、淀粉积累期,T3处理马铃薯蒸腾速率分别显著提高7.58%、2.40%(P<0.05);成熟期,T3处理马铃薯干物质积累量显著提高25.14%(P<0.05)。T3处理产量最高,为37 228.57 kg/hm2,与CK相比增产11.70%;商品薯产量与CK相比显著提高21.63%(P<0.05)。【结论】马铃薯箭筈豌豆间作+减施20%氮肥处理可显著增强马铃薯光合性能、增加干物质积累量、促进增产,是内蒙古阴山北麓较适宜的马铃薯种植方式。

关键词: 马铃薯, 箭筈豌豆, 间作, 翻压还田, 减施氮肥, 光合性能, 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the effects of intercropping with common vetch and turning and returning to the field with reduced nitrogen fertilizer on potato growth and yield in the northern foot of the Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia. 【Methods】Four treatments were established:potato monocropping with conventional fertilization(CK),potato and common vetch intercropping with conventional fertilization(T1),potato monocropping with 20% reduced nitrogen fertilizer(T2),and potato and common vetch intercropping with 20% reduced nitrogen fertilizer(T3). The effects of different treatments on potato plant height,stem diameter,photosynthetic performance,dry matter accumulation,yield and yield components at different growth stages were compared and analyzed.【Results】Under intercropping conditions,potato plant height,stem diameter,SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,intercellular CO2 concentration,stomatal conductance,dry matter accumulation,and yield were all higher than those under monocropping. Compared with CK,at the starch accumulation stage,the plant height and stem diameter of potato in T3 treatment increased significantly by 7.35% and 6.34%(P<0.05),respectively;at the tuber formation stage,the SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO2 concentration,and stomatal conductance of potato in T3 treatment increased significantly by 10.07%,17.89%,7.57%,and 23.67%(P<0.05),respectively;at the tuber bulking stage and starch accumulation stage,the transpiration rate of potato in T3 treatment increased significantly by 7.58% and 2.40%(P<0.05),respectively;at the mature stage,the dry matter accumulation of potato in T3 treatment increased significantly by 25.14%(P<0.05). T3 treatment achieved the highest yield(37 228.57 kg/hm2),which was 11.70% higher than that of CK;the marketable tuber yield in T3 treatment was significantly 21.63% higher than that of CK(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The treatment of potato and common vetch intercropping with 20% reduced nitrogen fertilizer can significantly enhance potato photosynthetic performance,increase dry matter accumulation,and promote yield improvement,making it a more suitable potato cultivation pattern for the northern foot of the Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia.

Key words: Potato, Common vetch, Intercropping, Turning and returning to the field, Reduced nitrogen fertilizer, Photosynthetic performance, Yield

中图分类号: 

  • S532