Abstract: 【Objective】To screen dryland wheat varieties suitable for promotion and cultivation in Ulanqab City,Inner Mongolia. 【Methods】A field comparative trial was conducted using a total of 37 dryland wheat varieties,including the Kechun series,Longchun series,and Longmai series. Correlation analysis,variation analysis,cluster analysis,principal component analysis,and path analysis were performed on agronomic traits such as plant height,spike length,number of spikelets,number of fertile spikes,number of kernels per spike,kernel weight per spike,total number of spikes,and 1 000-kernel weight,as well as yield,to determine the primary factors influencing yield.【Results】Among the 37 dryland wheat varieties,Kechun 38 exhibited the highest yield,followed by Kechun 46,Kechun 42,and Dingxi 51,although Kechun 42 demonstrated the best overall performance. Correlation analysis revealed that yield had the strongest correlation with the number of kernels per spike,with a correlation coefficient of 0.66,and the weakest correlation with 1 000-kernel weight,with a correlation coefficient of -0.11. Variation analysis indicated that the coefficients of variation for the 37 varieties ranged from 9.74% to 26.32%,with yield showing the largest coefficient of variation and the number of spikelets showing the smallest. Cluster analysis demonstrated that,at a squared Euclidean distance of 10,the 37 dryland wheat varieties were divided into six major clusters,with yield performance among the clusters ranked as Ⅵ>Ⅳ>Ⅴ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ Principal component analysis showed that the five selected principal components had a cumulative contribution rate of 89.48%,with the first principal component contributing the most at 40.77%. Path analysis indicated that the number of kernels per spike and the total number of spikes had the greatest direct effects on yield,with path coefficients of 0.392 84 and 0.248 10,respectively.【Conclusion】Among the 37 dryland wheat varieties tested,the number of kernels per spike is the primary factor influencing yield,and increasing the number of kernels per spike can effectively enhance yield. Kechun 42 and Kechun 38 are dryland wheat varieties suitable for promotion and cultivation in Ulanqab City,Inner Mongolia.

Key words: Wheat, Agronomic traits, Yield, Correlation analysis, Variation analysis, Cluster analysis, Principal component analysis, Path analysis