不同驱虫药驱虫后伊犁马血液生化指标变化的研究

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2023.01.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

[目的] 研究不同驱虫药对伊犁马血液生化指标的影响，为伊犁马科学驱虫及健康养殖提供参考。[方法] 将平均体重（265.5±35.6）kg、出生日期相近的40匹1岁伊犁马随机分为5组，每组8匹，分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组。在相同的饲养管理和日粮营养水平条件下，对照组不驱虫，在试验开始第1天，试验Ⅰ组使用伊维菌素驱虫，试验Ⅱ组使用吡喹酮驱虫，试验Ⅲ组使用阿苯达唑驱虫，试验Ⅳ组使用伊维菌素和阿苯达唑的混合药剂驱虫；在试验第14天采集马匹血液样品，测定血浆氮代谢指标、葡萄糖及酶相关指标、脂代谢指标及金属离子指标。[结果] ①试验Ⅲ组总蛋白（TP）浓度最低，与对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组及试验Ⅳ组相比，分别降低了8.16%、7.15%、4.98%及6.62%（P>0.05）。对照组及各试验组白蛋白（ALB）、尿素（UREA）浓度均无显著（P>0.05）差异。与对照组相比，试验Ⅲ组及试验Ⅳ组血浆中UREA浓度分别降低了33.15%及36.10%（P>0.05）。②与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活力分别降低了26.51%、21.11%、47.14%及52.38%（P>0.05）。试验Ⅲ组血浆中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活力低于对照组，降低了0.19%（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅳ组的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活力显著（P<0.05）升高，分别提高了17.84%、13.51%；谷草转氨酶（AST）活力分别提高了5.40%和4.08%（P>0.05）。③对照组血浆中甘油三酯（TG）、肌酐（CREA）及尿酸（UA）的含量与各试验组相比均无显著（P>0.05）差异。试验Ⅰ组及试验Ⅳ组血浆中CREA浓度较对照组分别提高13.38%和9.86%（P>0.05）。试验Ⅱ组血浆中胆碱酯酶（CHE）活力显著（P<0.05）高于试验Ⅲ组，提高了17.70%。④对照组血浆中Mg²⁺浓度与各试验组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）；试验Ⅲ组血浆中Ca²⁺浓度最低，与对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组及试验Ⅳ组相比，分别降低了23.44%、16.40%、25.89%及21.43%（P<0.05）。[结论] 综合来看，使用伊维菌素和阿苯达唑混合驱虫，对伊犁马血浆中的氮代谢、糖脂代谢指标及肝功能代谢酶活力改善效果更明显。

关键词: 伊犁马, 寄生虫, 驱虫药, 血液生化指标

Abstract:

[Objective] This experiment was conducted to assess the effects of different deworming drugs on blood biochemical indexes in Yili horses, and to provide references for their scientific deworming and healthy farming. [Method] A total of 40 1-year-old Yili horses with an average weight of （265.5±35.6） kg and similar birth dates were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 horses in each group, which were control group, experimental group Ⅰ, experimental group Ⅱ, experimental group Ⅲ and experimental group Ⅳ, respectively. Under the same feeding management and dietary nutrition level, on day 1 of the experiment, the horses in the experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were dewormed using ivermectin, praziquantel, albendazole as well as combination of ivermectin and albendazole, respectively, while those in control group received no deworming drugs. On day 14 of the experiment, blood samples of the horses were collected, and the plasma indexes of nitrogen metabolism, glucose and enzyme, lipid metabolism, and metal ion were determined. [Result] ① The experimental group Ⅲ had the lowest TP concentration, which was decreased by 8.16%, 7.15%, 4.98% and 6.62% respectively compared with that in control group as well as the experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ（P>0.05）. There was no significant （P>0.05） differences in the concentrations of ALB and UREA between the control group and the experimental groups, while the concentration of UREA in the experimental groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was decreased by 33.15% and 36.10% respectively compared with that in the control group （P>0.05）. ②The activity of ALT in the experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was reduced by 26.51%, 21.11%, 47.14% and 52.38% respectively in comparison to that in the control group（P>0.05）. The activity of ALP in the experimental group Ⅲ was lowered by 0.19% than that in the control group（P>0.05）. The experimental groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ had significantly （P<0.05） higher activity of LDH compared with that in the control group, which was elevated by 17.84% and 13.51%, respectively, and the activity of AST was increased by 5.40% and 4.08% （P>0.05）, respectively. ③There were no significant （P>0.05） differences in concentrations of TG, CREA and UA between the control group and the experimental groups. The concentration of CREA in the experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅳ were elevated by 13.38% and 9.86% respectively compared with that in the control group （P>0.05）. The activity of CHE in the experimental group Ⅱ was significantly （P<0.05） higher than that in the experimental group Ⅲ, which was increased by 17.70%. ④No significant （P>0.05） difference in concentration of Mg²⁺ between the control group and the experimental groups was observed. The lowest concentration of Ca²⁺ was found in the experimental group Ⅲ, which was reduced by 23.44%, 16.40%, 25.89% and 21.43% respectively compared with that in the control group （P<0.05）. [Conclusion] In general, deworming with the combinative administration of ivermectin and albendazole has better performance in improving the plasma indexes associated with nitrogen metabolism as well as glucose and lipid metabolism, and metabolic enzyme activity associated with liver function in Yili horses.

Key words: Yili horses, parasites, deworming drugs, blood biochemical indexes

中图分类号:

马玉辉, 李海, 叶斯哈提·胡安, 奴尔兰·阿克亚孜, 杨开伦. 不同驱虫药驱虫后伊犁马血液生化指标变化的研究[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2023, 44(1): 116-121.

MA Yu-hui, LI Hai, Yeshatti Juan, Nulan Akyazi, YANG Kai-lun. Characterization of Blood Biochemical Indexes after Administration of Different Deworming Drugs in Yili Horses[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2023, 44(1): 116-121.

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