畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1-12.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2023.06.001

• 科技创新支撑畜牧业高质量发展专栏——新理论新技术在畜牧业中的应用专题 •    下一篇

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区本土牛牛肉黄脂现象的相关基因和代谢组学研究

王潇1, 李慧1, 苏少锋1, 赵濛1, 田菁1, 赵鸿雁2, 左兰明3, 梁智杰4, 王金环5, 田如刚1   

  1. 1.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031;
    2.鄂托克旗农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古 鄂托克旗 016199;
    3.赤峰市敖汉旗农牧局,内蒙古 敖汉旗 024300;
    4.赤峰市农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古 赤峰 024031;
    5.赤峰市农牧局,内蒙古 赤峰 024050
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-28 出版日期:2023-11-30 发布日期:2024-01-11
  • 通讯作者: 田如刚(1978—),男,研究员,博士,主要研究方向为肉牛遗传育种。
  • 作者简介:王潇(1987—),男,助理研究员,硕士,主要研究方向为肉牛遗传育种。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古农牧业青年创新基金项目(2021QNJJM07); 国家自然科学基金项目(32060731)

Genetic Variant Analysis and Metabolomics Reveal the Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Yellow Beef Fat of Local Cattle in Hulun Buir City of Inner Mongolia

WANG Xiao1, LI Hui1, SU Shaofeng1, ZHAO Meng1, TIAN Jing1, ZHAO Hongyan2, ZUO Lanming3, LIANG Zhijie4, WANG Jinhuan5, TIAN Rugang1   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;
    2. Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Otog Banner,Otog Banner 016199,China;
    3. Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Aohan Banner of Chifeng City,Aohan Banner 024300,China;
    4. Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Chifeng City,Chifeng 024031,China;
    5. Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Chifeng City,Chifeng 024050,China
  • Received:2023-03-28 Online:2023-11-30 Published:2024-01-11

摘要: [目的]初步探索内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区本土牛牛肉黄脂现象可能的调控机制。[方法]从呼伦贝尔市选取72头本土牛,每头牛均采集皮下脂肪及肝脏组织样本。采用5分制主观评分方法,对皮下脂肪样本进行颜色评分。以肝脏组织为试验材料,利用五引物扩增受阻突变体系(penta-primer amplification refractory mutation system,PARMS)分析参与β-胡萝卜素代谢过程的相关通路中关键基因BCO2 SNPW80X、BCMO1 SNP4、RDHE2 SNP2、ALDH8A1 SNP16和PPARCG1A SNP12的基因型及基因频率分布情况。运用液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)技术对脂肪样本进行非靶向代谢组学检测,挖掘不同颜色脂肪样本的代谢差异物,并将差异代谢物进行代谢通路富集分析。[结果]72份皮下脂肪组织以白色为主,黄色脂肪(评分3分及以上)比例占到30.55%,BCO2、BCMO1、RDHE2和PPARCG1A等基因在不同样本中存在SNP差异,但这些差异与脂肪颜色无显著(P>0.05)相关性。黄色脂肪样本与白色脂肪样本相比,共鉴定到235个差异代谢物,这些差异代谢物可富集到不饱和脂肪酸生物合成、初级胆汁酸生物合成和胆汁分泌等信号通路。[结论]呼伦贝尔地区本土牛牛肉黄色脂肪组织样本与白色脂肪组织样本相比,有多个代谢物存在差异,涉及的信号通路与脂肪形成、体内β-胡萝卜素转运和β-胡萝卜素跨膜运输之间存在密切关系,且与BCO2、BCMO1、PPARCG1A等β-胡萝卜素代谢相关基因直接或间接相关。后续可对相关分子调控机制开展进一步研究,为含β-胡萝卜素饲料的制备和定向调节肉牛脂肪颜色提供理论基础。

关键词: 呼伦贝尔, 肉牛, 黄脂现象, SNP差异, 代谢组学, β-胡萝卜素

Abstract: [Objective] This study was conducted to preliminarily explore the possible regulative mechanisms underlying yellow beef fat of local cattle in Hulun Buir City of Inner Mongolia. [Method] A total of 72 local cattle were selected from Hulun Buir City, and their subcutaneous fat and liver tissues were sampled. The subcutaneous fat samples were subjected to color scoring with a 5-point subjective scoring scheme. Using liver tissues as experimental materials, the penta-primer amplification refractory mutation system (PARMS) was employed to assess the genotype and gene frequency distribution of BCO2 SNPW80X, BCMO1 SNP4, RDHE2 SNP2, ALDH8A1 SNP16 and PPARCG1A SNP12, which were considered as the crucial genes in the signaling pathways involved in the metabolic process of β-carotene. The non-targeted metabolomics analysis of the fat samples were performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology to identify the differential metabolites in different colored fat samples, and the differential metabolites were subsequently subjected to metabolic pathway enrichment analysis. [Result] The 72 subcutaneous fat tissue samples were predominantly white colored, with yellow colored ones (scoring 3 or above) accounting for 30.55%. The SNPs in BCO2, BCMO1, RDHE2 and PPARCG1A genes were observed in different samples, while these SNPs had no significant (P>0.05) correlation with fat color. Compared with the white colored fat samples, a total of 235 differential metabolites were identified in the yellow colored fat samples, which were enriched in the signaling pathways such as unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and bile secretion. [Conclusion] Comparing the yellow and white colored fat samples collected from the local cattle in Hulun Buir City, there were multiple differential metabolites involving in the signaling pathways closely related to fat formation, in vivo β-carotene transport and trans-membrane transport of β-carotene. In addition, they also directly or indirectly correlated with the β-carotene metabolism associated genes such as BCO2, BCMO1 and PPARCG1A. Further research may focus on the relevant molecular regulatory mechanisms, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of β-carotene containing feed and the targeted regulation of beef fat color.

Key words: Hulun Buir City, beef cattle, yellow colored fat, SNP, metabolomics, β-carotene

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