内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟放牧型阿拉善白绒山羊和蒙古羊不同部位羊肉的氨基酸指纹特征分析

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.04.011

畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 85-92.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.04.011

内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟放牧型阿拉善白绒山羊和蒙古羊不同部位羊肉的氨基酸指纹特征分析

张春华^1,2,3, 胡晓晓^1,2,3, 王博^1,2,3, 萨初拉^1,2,3, 李胜利^1,2,3, 刘威^1,2,3, 李文婷^1,2,3, 付乐^1,2,3, 金鹿^1,2,3, 杨鼎^1,2,3, 张崇志^1,2,3, 王晓燕⁴, 赵鸿雁⁴, 何云梅⁴, 孙海洲^1,2,3

1.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院动物营养与饲料研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特 010031;
2.农业农村部草食家畜健康养殖与畜产品品质调控重点实验室（部省共建）,内蒙古呼和浩特 010031;
3.内蒙古自治区草食动物营养科学重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特 010031;
4.鄂托克旗农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古鄂托克旗 017000

收稿日期:2023-09-05 出版日期:2024-07-30 发布日期:2024-08-23
通讯作者: 孙海洲（1970—）,男,研究员,博士,博士生导师,主要研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。
作者简介:张春华（1978—）,女,副研究员,博士,主要研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。
基金资助:
鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项（2022EEDSKJZDZX021）; 国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系（CARS-39-11）; 准格尔旗科技成果转化项目（2023CC-03）

Characterization of Amino Acid Profiles in Different Parts of Free-grazing Alagxa White Cashmere Goat and Mongolian Sheep Meat from Alagxa League,Inner Mongolia

ZHANG Chunhua^1,2,3, HU Xiaoxiao^1,2,3, WANG Bo^1,2,3, Sachula^1,2,3, LI Shengli^1,2,3, LIU Wei^1,2,3, LI Wenting^1,2,3, FU Le^1,2,3, JIN Lu^1,2,3, YANG Ding^1,2,3, ZHANG Chongzhi^1,2,3, WANG Xiaoyan⁴, ZHAO Hongyan⁴, HE Yunmei⁴, SUN Haizhou^1,2,3

1. Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;
2. Key Laboratory of Grass-Feeding Livestock Healthy Breeding and Livestock Product Quality Control（Joint Construction by Ministry and Province）,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hohhot 010031,China;
3. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbivores Nutrition,Hohhot 010031,China;
4. Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Otog Banner,Otog Banner 017000,China

Received:2023-09-05 Online:2024-07-30 Published:2024-08-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]分析内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟放牧型阿拉善白绒山羊和蒙古羊羊肉的氨基酸指纹特征。[方法]从阿拉善盟阿拉善左旗、阿拉善右旗、额济纳旗采集阿拉善白绒山羊和蒙古羊的股二头肌、背最长肌和肋间肌样品共137份,参照《食品安全国家标准食品中氨基酸的测定》（GB 5009.124—2016）中规定的方法测定羊肉样品中17种氨基酸的含量;采用化学计量学判别和描述性统计分析方法,比较不同品种、不同部位羊肉的氨基酸指纹特征。[结果]基于正交信号校正的偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）方法对不同品种、不同部位羊肉的氨基酸含量分离效果最好。2个品种羊肉样品中均检测到17种氨基酸,其中,人体必需氨基酸（EAA）7种。17种氨基酸含量在2个品种羊肉间差异均不显著（P>0.05）,且2个品种羊肉的总氨基酸（TAA）、EAA和非必需氨基酸（NEAA）含量相近。3个部位羊肉的17种氨基酸含量普遍存在显著（P<0.05）差异,TAA、EAA和NEAA含量也存在显著（P<0.05）差异;肋间肌的特征氨基酸有Gly、Pro和Ala,而His、Tyr、Gly、Lys、Ala、Phe和Met 7种氨基酸在进行羊肉不同部位区分时可能是重要的标志性氨基酸。2个品种和3个部位羊肉的必需氨基酸/总氨基酸（EAA/TAA）均在40%左右,必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸（EAA/NEAA）均高于60%,符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织（FAO/WHO）发布的理想蛋白质EAA/TAA和EAA/NEAA的推荐值。[结论]初步建立了阿拉善盟放牧型阿拉善白绒山羊和蒙古羊不同部位羊肉的氨基酸指纹特征;2个品种羊肉的氨基酸组成及含量丰富,都具有较高的营养价值。

关键词: 羊肉, 氨基酸, 聚类分析, 指纹特征分析, 阿拉善白绒山羊, 蒙古羊

Abstract: [Objective] The aim of the present study was to characterize the amino acid profiles in free-grazing Alagxa white cashmere goat and Mongolian sheep meat from Alagxa League, Inner Mongolia. [Method] A total of 137 mutton samples including biceps femoris, longissimus dorsi muscle and intercostal muscle were collected from Alagxa white cashmere goat and Mongolian sheep reared in Alagxa Left Banner, Alagxa Right Banner and Ejin Banner of Alagxa League. The contents of 17 kinds of amino acids in mutton were assessed in accordance with the Determination of Amino Acids in Food in National Food Safety Standards （GB 5009.124—2016）. Chemometric discrimination and descriptive statistical analysis methods were applied to compare the differences in amino acid profiles in mutton from different species and parts. [Result] Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） achieved an higher separating capacity in amino acid contents in mutton from different species and parts. The presence of all the tested amino acids were detected in mutton from both species, including 7 kinds of essential amino acid （EAA） for human. There were no significant （P>0.05） differences in the contents of all the tested amino acids between the mutton from the two species, and the similar contents of total amino acid （TAA）, EAA and non-essential amino acid （NEAA） were observed within the two species. There were significant （P<0.05） differences in most of the amino acid contents in mutton from the three parts, and significant （P<0.05） differences in the contents of TAA, EAA and NEAA were observed among different parts as well. The characteristic amino acids of intercostal muscle samples were Gly, Pro and Ala, while His, Tyr, Gly, Lys, Ala, Phe and Met were the potentially important marker amino acids for discriminating different parts of mutton. The ratios of EAA to TAA （EAA/TAA） in the mutton from both species and three parts were all around 40%, and those of EAA to NEAA （EAA/NEAA） were all above 60%, which were in line with the recommended EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA of ideal protein by FAO/WHO. [Conclusion] The amino acid profiles in different parts of free-grazing Alagxa white cashmere goat and Mongolian sheep meat from Alagxa League was preliminarily characterized in this study. Mutton from both species were abundant in amino acid composition and content, and had high nutritional value.

Key words: mutton, amino acid, cluster analysis, profile characterization, Alagxa white cashmere goat, Mongolian

中图分类号:

TS251.7

张春华, 胡晓晓, 王博, 萨初拉, 李胜利, 刘威, 李文婷, 付乐, 金鹿, 杨鼎, 张崇志, 王晓燕, 赵鸿雁, 何云梅, 孙海洲. 内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟放牧型阿拉善白绒山羊和蒙古羊不同部位羊肉的氨基酸指纹特征分析[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2024, 45(4): 85-92.

ZHANG Chunhua, HU Xiaoxiao, WANG Bo, Sachula, LI Shengli, LIU Wei, LI Wenting, FU Le, JIN Lu, YANG Ding, ZHANG Chongzhi, WANG Xiaoyan, ZHAO Hongyan, HE Yunmei, SUN Haizhou. Characterization of Amino Acid Profiles in Different Parts of Free-grazing Alagxa White Cashmere Goat and Mongolian Sheep Meat from Alagxa League,Inner Mongolia[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2024, 45(4): 85-92.

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内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟放牧型阿拉善白绒山羊和蒙古羊不同部位羊肉的氨基酸指纹特征分析

Characterization of Amino Acid Profiles in Different Parts of Free-grazing Alagxa White Cashmere Goat and Mongolian Sheep Meat from Alagxa League,Inner Mongolia

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