关键词: 蛋鸡粪肥, 番茄, 生长性状, 产量, 品质, 土壤

Abstract: In order to reduce the environmental pollution of manure produced by livestock and poultry and reduce the application of chemical fertilizers, this experiment studied the influence of fermentation decomposed manure fertilizer from laying hens on the growth traits, yield, quality of tomato and soil , and set 4 treatment groups including the application of conventional chemical fertilizer （CK）, fermentation decomposed manure fertilizer from laying hens with 1 000 kg/667 m² （F1）, fermentation decomposed manure fertilizer from laying hens with 1 500 kg/667 m² （F2）, and fermentation decomposed manure fertilizer from laying hens with 2 000 kg/667 m² （F3）. The results showed that organic manure had limited effect on the leaf number, chlorophyll content and plant size during the tomato growing period, but in the full fruit period, with the increase of fertilizer application amount, the stem thickness tended to increase, and the plant height did not change significantly. In terms of output, only the F3 group had a slightly higher yield than CK, but the difference was not significant （P>0.05）. Compared with the CK group, the VC content of tomatoes in the F2 group was significantly （P<0.05）increased by 14.1%, and the VC content in the F1 group was increased by 6.0% （P>0.05）; the nitrate contents of tomatoes in the F1, F2 and F3 groups were all significantly （P<0.05) higher than the CK group, and showed an upward trend with the increase of manure fertilizer application amount. There was no significant （P>0.05） difference in soil pH, unit weight and salinity between treatment groups ; the soil organic matter content of F3 group was 16.74 g/kg, which was extremely significantly （P<0.01） higher than the CK group, and that of the F1 and F2 groups were significantly （P<0.05） higher than the CK group; soil total nitrogen of the F1 and F3 groups was significantly（P<0.05） increased by 20.3% and 17.1% compared with the CK group; the F1, F2 and F3 groups had slightly higher available potassium than the CK group, but there was no significant （P>0.05） difference ; it was worth noting that compared with the CK group, the effective phosphorus in the F1 and F3 groups was increased by 55.7% （P<0.05） and 196% （P<0.01）, respectively, and there was no significant （P>0.05） difference between the F2 group and the CK group. In summary, laying hens manure fertilizer can increase tomato yield to a certain extent, improve tomato quality and fertilize the soil. However, to avoid the accumulation of nitrate in tomato and nitrogen and phosphorus in soil, it should not be over-applied.

Key words: fermentation decomposed manure fertilizer from laying hens, tomato, growth trait, yield, quality, soil