布氏乳杆菌和纤维素酶对青贮玉米秸秆品质影响研究

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2021.01.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究布氏乳杆菌和纤维素酶对青贮玉米秸秆粗饲料发酵品质和有氧稳定性的影响,分别设置CK组（空白对照组）、LB组（布氏乳杆菌组）、ENZ组（纤维素酶组）及LB+ENZ组（布氏乳杆菌和纤维素酶共同处理组）的玉米秸秆青贮发酵试验。发酵45 d后取样进行青贮发酵品质感官综合评价,测定pH值、有机酸含量、微生物活菌数、水溶性碳水化合物含量、中性洗涤纤维含量及酸性洗涤纤维含量等指标。结果表明,LB组、ENZ组、LB+ENZ组感官综合评分比对照组提高20.31%、14.06%和25.00%;LB组和LB+ENZ组酵母菌分别降至2.23×10³、7.10×10² CFU/g FM,明显低于CK组和ENZ组;LB组和LB+ENZ组布氏乳杆菌和纤维素酶的添加显著（P<0.05）提高了青贮饲料中乙酸的含量,抑制丙酸的产生,显著（P<0.05）降低乳酸/乙酸值和氨态氮（NH₃-N）含量;ENZ组和LB+ENZ组布氏乳杆菌和纤维素酶的添加对酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）的降解比较显著（P<0.05）,对中性洗涤纤维（NDF）的降解无显著差异（P>0.05）,提高水溶性碳水化合物（WSC）含量;LB+ENZ组、LB组、ENZ组青贮玉米秸秆有氧稳定性时间较CK组分别提高了312.36%、250.56%、87.64%,且各组间差异均显著（P<0.05）。LB和ENZ联合添加,可提高青贮玉米秸秆的发酵品质和有氧稳定性。

关键词: 青贮, 玉米秸秆, 布氏乳杆菌, 纤维素酶, 发酵品质, 有氧稳定性

Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of the addition of Lactobacillus buchneri and cellulase on fermentative quality and aerobic stability of silage corn straw. A fermentative experiment using silage corn straw as raw material was conducted with four groups control group （CK）, Lactobacillus buchneri addition group （LB）, cellulase addition group （ENZ）, and Lactobacillus buchneri + cellulase combinative addition group （LB + ENZ）. After a 45-day-long fermentation, the fermented silage corn straw samples of different groups were collected for comprehensive sensory evaluation of fermentative quality. The pH value, organic acid content, viable bacterial cell count, water-soluble carbohydrate （WSC） content, neutral detergent fiber （NDF） content and acid detergent fiber （ADF） content were determined and statistically compared. The results showed that the comprehensive sensory score of LB group, ENZ group and LB+ENZ group was 20.31%, 14.06% and 25.00% higher than that of CK group, respectively. The viable yeast counts of LB group and LB+ENZ group were decreased to 2.23×10³ CFU/g FM and 7.10×10² CFU/g FM, respectively, and both of them were obviously lower than those of CK group and ENZ group. Compared with CK group, LB group and LB+ENZ group had significantly （P<0.05） increased acetic acid content, and had significantly （P<0.05） reduced lactic acid/acetic acid and ammonia nitrogen （NH₃-N） content; the production of propionic acid of LB group and LB+ENZ group was also inhibited. Compared with CK group, ENZ group and LB+ENZ group had significantly （P<0.05） better degradation effect on ADF, while no significant （P>0.05） difference in degradation effect on NDF was observed; the WSC contents of ENZ group and LB+ENZ group were elevated. The aerobic stability time of LB+ENZ group, LB group and ENZ group was increased by 312.36%, 250.56% and 87.64% compared to CK group, respectively, and statistically significant （P<0.05） inter-group differences among the four groups were observed. In conclusion, the combinative addition of Lactobacillus buchneri and cellulase can improve the fermentative quality and aerobic stability of silage corn straw.

Key words: silage, corn straw, Lactobacillus buchneri, cellulase, fermentative quality, aerobic stability

中图分类号:

S816.53

刘辉, 李金鑫, 鹿瑶, 徐海燕, 谷巍. 布氏乳杆菌和纤维素酶对青贮玉米秸秆品质影响研究[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2021, 42(1): 34-39.

LIU Hui, LI Jin-xin, LU Yao, XU Hai-yan, GU Wei. Effects of Lactobacillus buchneri and Cellulase on the Quality of Silage Corn Straw[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2021, 42(1): 34-39.

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