Abstract: [Objective] To study the effect of α- chaconine on proliferation of small intestinal epithelial cells in piglets.[Method] The in vitro cultured porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) was treated with different concentrations of α-chaconine,and the cells were recovered at 24,48,72 h post treatment to determine their proliferation rate by using MTT method,respectively.[Result] After 24 hours of treatment with 0.1 and 0.2 μg/mL of α- chaconine,there was no significant difference in proliferation rate between the two above treatment groups and the control group (P>0.05);the proliferation rate of the 0.4,0.8 and 1.6 μg/mL of α-chaconine treated groups were extremely significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0.01).After 48 hours of treatment,no significant difference in proliferation rate between 0.1 μg/mL of α-chaconine treated group and the control group was observed (P>0.05);the cells treated with 0.2,0.4,0.8 and 1.6 μg/mL of α-chaconine had extremely significantly lower proliferation rate compared to the control group (P<0.01).After 72 hours of treatment,the proliferation rate of all treatment groups was extremely significantly reduced compared to the control group (P<0.01).[Conclusion]α- chaconine can decrease the proliferation rate of small intestinal epithelial cells,and its inhibitive effect is enhanced with the increase and extension of treatment concentration and duration.