In order to identify the pathogenic agent causing skin disease of a greyhound dog and provide scientific diagnosis and treatment protocols, the samples were collected from the dermis of the pathological site of the diseased dog. The samples were cultured with Sabouraud＇s medium to isolate the pathogenic agent. Preliminary identification of suspected isolates was made according to the morphological characteristics of the colony and microscopic examination result. The fungi identification universal primers of ITSland ITS4 were used for amplification and sequencing of the ITS region sequence of the isolates. The phylogenetie tree based on the ITS region sequences of the isolates and published Cryptococcus neoformans strains in GenBank was established. The isolates were phenotypically identified as Cryptococcus strains, and the similarity of the ITS region sequence of the isolates and the published Cryptococcus neoformans strains （JN939462.1and JN939461.1 ） was 99%.The strains isolated in this study and published in GenBank belonged to the same branch on the phylogenetic tree. It was indicated that the pathogenic agent causing skin disease of the greyhound dog was Cryptococcus neoformans.

The present study was conducted to investigate the difference of swine movement time between the fermentation bed feeding model （FB） and conventional cement ground single bar feeding mode （CB） ,and to investigatethe effect of swine movement time on the swine production performance, muscle fiber morphology and MSTN protein expression.The results showed that compared with the swine of CB, the swine movement time ratio of FB was increased by 82.60% （P〈0.05）, the average weight gain and average daily weight gain of FB were increased by 10.50% and 11.72% （P〈0.05）, respectively, and the diameter of swine gluteal muscle fiber bundle of FB was increased by 4.90% （P〉O.05）.The immunohistochemistry experiment results showed that there was a higher positive proportion of endogenous MSTN protein ingluteal muscle protein of CB swine and the expression of endogenous MSTN protein in gluteal muscle protein of FB swine was significantly reduced （P〈0.05）.

[Objective] To analyze the nutritional components of extraction residue from Luidia quinaria yon Martens, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive development and utilization the Luidia quinaria yon Martens resources. [Method] The content of water, ash, crude fat and protein were determined by the national standard methods. The content of reducing sugar, total sugar and polysaccharide were determined by 3,5- two nitro salicylic acid method. The content of amino acids was determined by HPLC method and the content of tryptophan was determined by the national standard method. The content of fatty acids was determined by GC-MC method. The content of chemical element Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co and Cr were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry method and the content of Hg was determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry method. [Results] The content of water, ash, crude fat, protein, reducing sugar, total sugar, polysaccharide and total amino acids were 1.75%, 81.40%, 0.67%, 11.99%, 0.20%, 2.16%, 1.96%and 13.69%, respectively. There was a small proportion of unsaturated fatty acid in fatty acids. The higher content of inorganic elements Ca, Mg and Fe were found. [Conclusion] It is indicated that the extraction residue from Luidia quinaria von Martens is worthy of being developed and utilized.

In order to screen a variety of castor which is suitable for cultivation in Alxa League of Inner Mongolia, introduction test was conducted. The results showed that the varieties of Zibima No.6 and Tongbi No.6 were suitable for cultivation in Jiaergelesaihan Town, and Zibima No.7 was suitable for cultivation in Barunbieli and Jilantai Town. The production of castor cultivated in Jiaergelesaihan Town exceeded 200 kg/667 m2, and these varieties of castor were suitable for extension in Alxa League.

The crude protein content of the air-dried leaves samples of Rumex acetosa, PotentiUa chinensis and Amaranthus mangostanus collected from Dongshan of Hailar were determined by Miero-Kjeldahl method and were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the crude protein content of leaves of Rumex acetosa, PotentiUa chinensis and A maranthus mangostanus were 0.80%, 1.79% and 1.18% ,respectively. While the crude protein content of the Potentilla chinensis leaves was significantly higher than that of the Rumex acetosa and A maranthus mangostanus leaves （P〈0.05）, no significant difference was observed between the Rumex acetosa and Amaranthus mangostanus leaves （P〉0.05）. It is indicated that the Potentilla chinensis leaves have a better prospect for developing as a new source of feedstuff protein.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of TBT of environment concentration on emotional behavior of root voles. The experimental group was administrated with 1.0 Ixg/mL of TBT according to the dose of 5 IxL/（g＂ BW） once every 3 days by gavage, and the control group was administrated with the same volume. The experiment period was 45 d. After administration, the open field test, elevated plus maze test and forced swimming test were performed to observe emotional behavior of root voles. The results of open field test showed that there were no significant differences between the males and females of experimental group and those of control group in the comer, central and line-crossing frequency, and the upright frequency of the females of experimental group was significantly higher than that of the females in control group （P〈0.05）.The results of elevated plus maze test showed that there were no significant differences between the males and females of experimental group and those of control group in closed arm time, open arm frequency and head dipping frequency. However, the open arm time of males and females of experimental group were significantly lower than that of males and females of control group （P〈0.05）,and the head dipping frequency of females of experimental group was significantly higher than that of females of control group （/~〈0.05）. The results of forced swimming test showed that there were no significant differences between the males and females of experimental group and those of control group in immobile latency, immobile time and frequency.It was indicated that while TBT of experimental dose could result in mild anxiety of root voles, especially for females, TBT of environment concentration couldnot lead to depression behavior in root voles.

In order to establish a RT-PCR method which was able to discriminate the classic strains, highly pathogenic strains and vaccine strain TJM-F92 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV）, two sets of primers （1st and 2nd） were designed based on the published nucleotide sequences of Nsp2 gene of PRRSV in GenBank. The size of expected amplified fragments of LP-PRRSV, HP-PRRSV and HP-PRRSV TJM-F92 in RT-PCR assay using the 1st primers were 587,497 and 497 bp, respectively. The size of expected amplified fragments of HP-PRRSV and HP-PRRSV TJM-F92 in RT-PCR assay using the 2nd primers were 1004 and 644 bp, respectively.The discriminative diagnosis could be made according to the results of the two RT-PCR assays. Furthermore, the specificity, sensitivity and repeatability of the method were evaluated. The results showed that the established RT-PCR method had good specificity, sensitivity and repeatability and could be used to identify the classic strains, highly pathogenic strains and vaccine strain TJM-F92 of PRRSV.

The field experiments were carried out in chicken farm and chicken raising households to evaluated the effect of low crude protein diet on the production performance and culture benefit of long days three-yellow chicken. A total of 1 600 three- yellow chicken were selected in a chicken farm and randomly divided into four groups （control, experimental group 1, 2 and 3 ）. There were two replications for each groupand 200 chickens in each replication. The chicks （age of 1-35 d） and adult chickens （from age of 76 d to sale） of control and experimental groups fed with routine diet, the middle age chickens （age of 36-75 d） of control group fed with diet containing 17% crude protein and those of experimental group 1, 2 and 3 fed with low crude protein diet containing 14%, 12% and 10% crude protein, respectively. The digestible essential amino acid content of diet for each group was same. A total of eight chicken raising households were selected and randomly divided into four groups （control group I and II, experimental group I and lI ）. There were two chicken raising households in each group and 8 000 chickens in each chicken raising household. The chicks （age of 1-35 d） and adult chickens （from age of 76 d to sale） of control and experimental groups fed with routine diet, the middle age chickens （age of 36-75 d） of control groups fed with diet containing 17% crude protein and those of experimental groups fed with low crude protein diet containing 14% crude protein. The digestible essential amino acid content of diet for each group was same. The ingestion behavior type of control I group and experimental group I were restricted feeding and control U group and experimental group II were ad libitum feeding. During tile two field experiments, the daily feed consumption for each group was recorded. In the end of the experiments, the sale rate, average individual weight, ratio of feed to gain, defective chickens rate and average individual benefit of each group were calculated and statistically analyzed. The results of the chicken farm experiment showed that there were no significant differences in sale rate, ratio of feed to gain and defective chickens rate among the groups （P〉0.05）. However, the average individual weight of experimental group 3 was significantly lower than that of other experimental groups （/~0.05）, and the average individual benefit of experimental group 1 was significantly higher than that of control group and other experimental groups. The results of the chicken farm experiment showed that the defective chickens rate of experimental group I was significantly higher than that of control I group and experimental group 1T. It was indicated that feeding with low crude protein diet containing 14% crude protein in middle age chickens could increase the average individual benefit of three-yellow chicken, and the ingestion behavior type of ad libitum feeding was preferred.

It is a new direction of the animal husbandry development to develop the alternative feed additive products for the antibiotics. Inulin is a kind of novel feed additive without residue.It is proved that the inulin can not only improve the production performance and enhance the immune function of livestock and poultry, but also can promote the absorption of minerals and improve the quality of meat product. Inulin has wide application prospect in animal production. The effect of inulin on animal production performance and its action mechanism were reviewed in this paper, so as to provide theoretical basis for the further development and extension of inulin as feed additive.

Due to the compound feed contamination by mycotoxin is always occurred and serious in China, so adding mycotoxin detoxification agent, mainly including mycotoxin absorbent and biological enzyme toxincide, is one of the most wildly used methods for the detoxifieation of mycotoxin contaminated domestic animal feed. The research progress of mycotoxin detoxification agent is reviewed inthis study, so as to provide theoretical basis for the development of high efficient and nutrition conservative mycotoxin detoxification agent with broad-spectrum.

Chinese herbal medicine additive, which is a kind of safe and pollution-free feed additives, has both nutritional role and medicinal role, and has natural origin, multi-function, no drug resistance and other characteristics. In recent years,the application of Chinese herbal medicine additive is more and more widely involving in various fields of animal production. The characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine additive and its application research progress in swine production are reviewed in this paper.

In order to determine the optimum sowing date of Qiancao NO.4 cocksfoot under the climatic condition of Guizhou, the effect of 5 different fall sowing dates on plant height, fresh yield, ratio of dry weight to fresh weight and the leaf stem ratio was investigated. The results showed that the cutting frequency was increased by early sowing as possible, the fresh yield was increased and the ratio of dry weight to fresh weight and the leaf stem ratio were both higher. The optimum sowing date of Qiancao NO.4 cocksfoot was in the middle of September and the fresh yield exceeded 75 000 kg/hm2.

In order to provide theoretical basis for the development and utilization of germplasm resources of Lespedeza plants, the research progress on genetic diversity of Lespedeza plants is reviewed in the aspects of botanical character and molecular biology, and their application prospect in animal feed and medicine development is also introduced.

The bacteriostatic action of the newly developed derivatives of sulfonamides and pleuromutilin against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was investigated by disc diffusion method and was compared with that of sulfadiazine and pleuromutilin. The results showed that the new derivatives of sulfonamides and pleuromutilin showed bacteriostatic action against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

A new kind of jujube Lactobacillus beverage with balanced nutrient and health function was developed by integration of LactobaciUus fermentation technology and other technology using milk produced by cows grazing in grassland, jujube powder and the prebioties of oligoisomahose as materials. The best prescription of the jujube Lactobacillus beverage was determined by pretreatment single factor experiment and orthogonal test： 1.0% jujube powder, 40% fresh milk, 4.0% carbohydrate （2.0% oligoisomaltose of the carbohydrate） and 0.2% composite stabilizer （sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate and konjaku flour）. The yoghurt was fermented by direct vat set： fermentation temperature was 43 ℃, fermentation time was 4 h, terminal acidity of fermentation was 60°T, homogenization temperature was 65 ℃ and homogenization pressure was 22 MPa. The ratio of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus was 2：1 and the addition was 40 g/1 000 kg.

Camel which lives in harmony with the environment is the most preferred domestic animal for sustainable economic development in desert, semi-desert and grassland area. Camel can produce fine wool, fur and organic milk. Furthermore, camel is a symbolic element of the nomad culture of minorities in the border area as well as a exotic landscape of Gobi and grassland tourism. Hulunbuir bactrian camel, a dangered local breed, estimated heads in present is no more than four thousand. Its milk nutrients and biochemical composition have not been studied yet. To pave the way for protective exploitation, the fundamental and application research are needed, thus systematic research work on composition, physicochemical properties and bioactive factors of the bactrian camel milk are of great importance. Bactrian camel milk composition tables or databases need to be established. Meanwhile, new approaches such as fingerprint profiling that based on chemometrics worth trying on properties assessment and discrimination or authentication of the special milk.

With the increase in the number of young teachers in the higher education institutions, the personal quality of teachers are showed uneven.Due to the lack of professional quality, the professional spirit in education, professional skills and subject knowledge of some young teachers are deficient. Therefore, a multiple range of young teachers＇ professional ethics cultivating mode are established in Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry which is based on the peer observation, tutorial system, resource of excellent courses sharing and discipline construction. Practice has proved that the professional quality cultivation of young teachers is the guarantee of the healthy and sustainable development of agricultural and forestry in higher education.

Feed and Breeding is an important professional and required course which closely links with feed production and serves for animal breeding. However, in the teaching process of this course,there were some problems in the past, such as the study enthusiasm of the students was low and the teachers always emphasized the importance of memory of the knowledge but ignored to cultivate the students＇ ability. Based on analyzing these problems, a series of effective teaching reform ideas were put forward, such as reintegrating the teaching content, reform the teaching mode and concept and introducing new teaching method, so as to improve the students＇ study effect and the teaching quality of Feed and Breeding.

The teaching reform of animal physiology experiment is carried out in local normal university by optimizing experiment contents, changing teaching methods and improving evaluation system, so as to improve the comprehensive ability to analyze and solve problems and the innovative consciousness of the students.

Due to the establishment of pets medicine professional post in China has just started, so the profession and post are still imperfect. In Wenzhou Vocational College of Science ＆ Technology, the theory study and practice on pet medicine professional post are conducted by investigating and studying, setting post,and strengthening the theory and skills of teachers. The practice exercise of students＇technical skill is strengthened by various ways so as to adapt to the different post demands of pets medicine and to implement employment and pioneering.

There are always some easily-confused plants in the teaching process of Plant Taxonomy which are difficult to discriminate for the students.Additionally, the main features that can be used to distinguish of these plants from each other are difficult to obtain from the complex books on plant taxonomy. The application of plant retrieval list in distinguishing some easily- confused plants growing in Pu＇er City of Yunnan Province by exhibiting main features of the plants was introduced in this paper, so as to provide an effect tool to distinguish the easily-confused plants for the students.

The enrollment of full-time master of veterinary medicine was conducted in 2009,which was a major reform of the academic degree and graduate education in China. In recent years, while the education of the full-time master of veterinary medicine has sustained steady development, there are still some shortcomings in the cultivation process. In this paper, based on the introduction relevant investigation progress in recent years, the existing problems in the cultivation process of full-time master of veterinary medicine of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University are discussed.

In order to improve the students＇ learning interests and effectiveness of Veterinary Pharmacology, the teaching contents, teaching methods and examination modes of Veterinary Pharmacology teaching were explored and analyzed in this paper. Some suggestions on reasonable planning teaching emphasis, extending the teaching contents, applying appreciate education, seminar teaching method and network platforms and enriching assessment methods were proposed, and the students＇ interests in learning was stimulated and the teaching level and teaching quality of Veterinary Pharmacology were improved.

In this paper, the techniques points for Kerchin cattle breeding in the following phase were introduced：the prophase of calves cultivation, anaphase of calves cultivation, prophase of growing calves, anaphase of growing calves, prophase of pregnancy, anaphase of pregnancy, parturition, postpartum nursing and lactation period.

Piglet diarrhea is a muhifactorial disease that causes serious mortality of piglet under intensive production condition. The causes of piglet diarrhea with emphasis on alteration of intestinal flora and the micro-ecological prevention and treatment method are reviewed in this paper, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of piglet diarrhea.

The etiology, clinical diagnosis and pathological changes of urinary stone disease of sheep are summarized in this paper, and the prevention and control measures are also put forward, so as to provide reference for sheep-raising households or farms and veterinarian.