北方农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 1-10.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2023.04.01

• 种质资源 · 生理生化 •    下一篇

99份大麦种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析

郭呈宇1, 伊风艳1, 房永雨1, 史志丹1, 刘芳2, 赵和平2, 丁海君1   

  1. 1.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 草原研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
    2.内蒙古草都草牧业股份有限公司 饲草料研究院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 011500
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-29 出版日期:2023-08-20 发布日期:2023-11-07
  • 通讯作者: 丁海君(1979—),女,研究员,博士,主要从事牧草育种方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:郭呈宇(1986—),男,副研究员,博士,主要从事牧草育种方面的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古农牧业创新基金资助项目(2020CXJJM09);内蒙古农牧业青年创新基金资助项目(2019QNJJN02);呼和浩特市科技计划项目(2021-社-20)

Genetic diversity analysis of phenotypic traits in 99 barley germplasm resources

GUO Chengyu1, YI Fengyan1, FANG Yongyu1, SHI Zhidan1, LIU Fang2, ZHAO Heping2, DING Haijun1   

  1. 1. Grassland Research Institute,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China
    2. Forage Research Institute,Inner Mongolia Caodu Forage and Animal Production Limited Company,Hohhot 011500,China
  • Received:2023-06-29 Online:2023-08-20 Published:2023-11-07

摘要:

【目的】鉴定不同类型大麦种质资源的表型性状,为育种实践提供依据。【方法】运用描述统计对99份大麦种质资源的幼苗习性、叶片姿势、株型、棱型、芒型、芒性、皮/裸性、籽粒颜色8个质量性状进行多样性分析,运用描述统计、相关性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析对株高、生育期、分蘖数、主穗长、主穗粒数、主穗粒重、单株穗数、单株粒数、单株粒重、千粒重10个数量性状进行多样性分析。【结果】8个质量性状存在较为丰富的变异;10个数量性状变异幅度为9.08%~43.16%,其中,主穗粒数的变异系数最高、生育期的变异系数最小。相关性分析表明,99份大麦的多个性状存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)相关性。聚类分析将种质资源群体分为4类:第Ⅰ类15份材料,特点为高秆、主穗长、生育期长;第Ⅱ类56份材料,特点为矮秆、单株穗数多、分蘖数多、主穗长;第Ⅲ类26份材料,特点为主穗粒重高、主穗粒数多、千粒重低;第Ⅳ类2份材料,特点为单株粒数多、单株粒重高、千粒重低。主成分分析表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率达到72.39%。【结论】99份大麦种质资源的18个表型性状存在丰富的遗传变异,可分为4个类群,可依据类群特点供育种选择。

关键词: 大麦, 种质资源, 表型性状, 遗传多样性

Abstract:

【Objective】Identify the phenotypic traits of different types of barley germplasm resources,to provide basis for breeding practice.【Methods】The diversity of 8 qualitative traits including seedling habits,leaf posture,plant type,ridge type,awn type,awniness,naked/cover and grain color of 99 barley germplasm resources were analyzed by descriptive statistics.Using descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis,10 quantitative traits including plant height,growth period,tiller number,main spike length,main spike grain number,main spike grain weight,spike number per plant,grain number per plant,grain weight per plant and 1 000-grain weight were analyzed.【Results】 There were abundant variations in the 8 qualitative traits. The variation range of 10 quantitative traits was 9.08%-43.16%,among which the variation coefficient of main spike grain number was the highest,and the variation coefficient of growth period was the lowest. Correlation analysis showed that there were significant(P<0.05) or extremely significant(P<0.01)correlations among multiple traits of the 99 barley germplasm. The germplasm population was divided into 4 categories by cluster analysis. The 15 accessions in theⅠcategory had the characteristics of high stem,long main spike and long growth period. The 56 accessions in the Ⅱ category had the characteristics of low stalk,high spike number per plant,high tiller number and long main spike. The 26 accessions in theⅢcategory had the characteristics of high main spike grain weight,high main spike grain number and low 1 000-grain weight. There were 2 accessions in the Ⅳ category,characterized by high grain number per plant,high grain weight per plant,low 1 000-grain weight. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the three principal components reached 72.39%.【Conclusion】 There were abundant genetic variations in 18 phenotypic traits of 99 barley germplasm resources,which could be divided into 4 categories. Breeding selection could be based on group characteristics.

Key words: Barley, Germplasm resources, Phenotypic traits, Genetic diversity

中图分类号: 

  • S512.3