Abstract: The variety resources of edible sunflower are rich and the ecotype is multiplicity in Mid-eastern Inner Mongolia. There is an obvious law in geographical distribution. From southeast to northwest, the temperature decreases as the altitude goes up; early maturing variety and medium variety is more and late variety is less, average growth period was shortened and leaf number reduced, there are also some changes in plant height and marketability is different. On the basis of analysis on ecotype and distribution law of edible sunflower of Mid-eastern Inner Mongolia, the author study on the genetic improvement and breeding new variety.