北方农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 26-36.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2024.02.03

• 土壤肥料·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同微生物菌剂浸种对马铃薯生长发育及薯田土壤养分的影响

刘雅娜1,2, 陈文晋3, 范雅芳3, 魏红4, 赵瑛琳5, 薛慧玲1,2, 张璟1,2, 孔庆全3, 贺小勇3, 张子义1,2   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学 生命科学学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;
    2.内蒙古自治区旱寒区植物逆境适应与遗传修饰改良重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;
    3.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 植物保护研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031;
    4.武川县农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古 武川 011700;
    5.内蒙古科信网络工程技术研究有限责任公司,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-15 出版日期:2024-04-20 发布日期:2024-07-24
  • 通讯作者: 张子义(1973—),男,教授,博士,主要从事马铃薯抗逆生理及分子生物学的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:刘雅娜(1996—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为马铃薯抗逆生理及分子生物学。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区关键技术攻关计划项目(2021GG0079); 内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2022YFHH0130)

Effects of the growth and development of potatoes and soil nutrients in potato fields based on soaking seeds with different microbial agents

LIU Yana1,2, CHEN Wenjin3, FAN Yafang3, WEI Hong4, ZHAO Yinglin5, XUE Huiling1,2, ZHANG Jing1,2, KONG Qingquan3, HE Xiaoyong3, ZHANG Ziyi1,2   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plants Adversity Adaptation and Genetic Improvement in Cold and Arid Regions,Hohhot 010018,China;
    3. Institute of Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;
    4. Wuchuan County Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Wuchuan 011700;
    5. Inner Mongolia Kexin Network Engineering Technology Research Limited Liability Company,Hohhot 010010,China
  • Received:2023-11-15 Online:2024-04-20 Published:2024-07-24

摘要: 【目的】 探究不同微生物菌剂浸种对马铃薯生长发育及薯田土壤养分的影响,为内蒙古自治区马铃薯绿色、可持续种植提供参考。【方法】 以马铃薯品种V7为试验材料,分别采用蒸馏水(CK)、Bacillus sp. 188菌剂(T1)、Pseudomonas sp. BP16菌剂(T2)和Streptomyces rochei D74菌剂(T3)浸种30 min,测定马铃薯种植后不同生长时期产量、块茎淀粉含量、各器官干物质量、单株养分积累量,叶片叶绿素含量、硝酸还原酶活性以及土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷和速效钾含量。【结果】 马铃薯种植后110 d,与CK相比,T2、T3处理马铃薯产量显著提高7.14%、9.16%(P<0.05),块茎淀粉含量显著提高11.84%、16.38%(P<0.05);T3处理马铃薯根、茎、叶、块茎干物质量显著增加26.87%、16.92%、11.77%、13.59%(P<0.05),氮素、磷素、钾素积累量显著提高28.86%、32.78%、30.81%(P<0.05)。种植后70 d,T3处理马铃薯叶片叶绿素含量最高[4.29 mg/(g·FW)],叶片硝酸还原酶活性较CK显著提高15.29%(P<0.05)。马铃薯种植后50 d,T3处理土壤硝态氮含量达到最大值(42.32 mg/kg),速效磷含量较CK显著提高26.17%,(P<0.05),T1、T3处理速效钾含量分别较CK显著提高24.95%、21.65%(P<0.05);种植后70 d,T2处理土壤铵态氮含量较CK显著提高47.03%(P<0.05)。【结论】 Streptomyces rochei D74菌剂浸种可提高成熟期马铃薯产量、块茎淀粉含量、各器官干物质量和植株氮素、磷素、钾素积累量以及块茎形成期叶片叶绿素含量,生育前期土壤硝态氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,块茎形成期土壤铵态氮含量,可作为内蒙古自治区马铃薯栽培较适宜施入的微生物菌剂。

关键词: 微生物菌剂, 马铃薯, 产量, 淀粉含量, 土壤养分

Abstract: 【Objective】To explore the effects of different microbial agents on potato growth and development and soil nutrients in potato fields,so as to provide a reference for green and sustainable potato planting in Inner Mongolia.【Methods】Potato V7 was used as the test material,by setting distilled water(CK),applying Bacillus sp. 188 bacterial agent(T1),Pseudomonas sp. BP16 bacterial agent(T2),and Streptomyces rochei D74 bacterial agent(T3) four treatments to soak the seeds for 30 min. Potato yield,tuber starch content,dry matter mass of each organ,nutrient accumulation per plant,leaf chlorophyll content,nitrate reductase activity,soil ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content were measured at different growth stages after potato planting.【Results】After 110 days of potato planting,compared with CK,the yield of potato in T2 and T3 treatments was significantly increased by 7.14% and 9.16%(P<0.05),the starch content of tubers was significantly increased by 11.84% and 16.38%(P<0.05),the dry matter mass of potato roots,stems,leaves,and tubers were significantly increased by 26.87%,16.92%,11.77% and 13.59% by T3 treatment(P<0.05),the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in plants was significantly increased by 28.86%,32.78% and 30.81% by T3 treatment(P<0.05). After 70 days of potato planting,the chlorophyll content in potato leaves treated with T3 treatment was the highest [4.29 mg/(g·FW)],and the nitrate reductase activity in the leaves was significantly increased by 15.29% compared to CK(P<0.05). After 50 days of potato planting,the soil nitrate nitrogen content in T3 treatment reached its maximum value(42.32 mg/kg),the available phosphorus content significantly increased by 26.17% compared to CK(P<0.05),and the available potassium content in T1 and T3 treatments significantly increased by 24.95% and 21.65% compared to CK(P<0.05),respectively.After 70 days of planting,the soil ammonium nitrogen content in T2 treatment significantly increased by 47.03% compared to CK(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Soaking seeds with Streptomyces rochei D74 microbial can increase potato yield,tuber starch content,dry matter mass of each organ,plant nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium accumulation,at agent tuber formation stage,the leaf chlorophyll content at maturation stage,soil nitrate nitrogen,available potassium,available potassium content at early growth stage,soil ammonium nitrogen at agent tuber formation stage. It can be used as a suitable microbial agent for potato cultivation in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Key words: Microbial agents, Potato, Yield, Starch content, Soil nutrient

中图分类号: 

  • S532