马铃薯黑胫病初侵染来源的研究

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2024.02.08

北方农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 72-78.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2024.02.08

马铃薯黑胫病初侵染来源的研究

黄俊霞¹, 鲁蓓¹, 曹梦宇¹, 何霜霜¹, 李国强¹, 高红宇¹, 仇凯¹, 邓丰志¹, 孙彦敏², 阿乐达日喜³, 刘丽华⁴

1.内蒙古自治区植保植检中心,内蒙古呼和浩特 010050;
2.乌兰察布市兴和县五股泉乡人民政府,内蒙古兴和 012000;
3.内蒙古自治区农村牧区社会事业发展中心,内蒙古呼和浩特 010020;
4.乌兰察布市察哈尔右翼中旗科学技术事业发展中心,内蒙古察哈尔右翼中旗 013550

收稿日期:2024-03-12 出版日期:2024-04-20 发布日期:2024-07-24
作者简介:黄俊霞（1968—）,女,推广研究员,学士,主要从事农作物病虫害防治方面的研究工作。

The study of potato blackleg disease primer source of infection

HUANG Junxia¹, LU Bei¹, CAO Mengyu¹, HE Shuangshuang¹, LI Guoqiang¹, GAO Hongyu¹, QIU Kai¹, DENG Fengzhi¹, SUN Yanmin², Aledarixi³, LIU Lihua⁴

1. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Plant Protection and Plant Inspection Center,Hohhot 010050,China;
2. The People′s Government of Wuguquan Township Xinghe County Ulanqab City,Xinghe 012000,China;
3. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Rural Pastoral Areas Social Undertakings Development Center,Hohhot 010020,China;
4. Ulanqab City Qahar Youyi Middle Banner Science and Technology Development Center,Qahar Youyi Middle Banner 013550,China

Received:2024-03-12 Online:2024-04-20 Published:2024-07-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确内蒙古乌兰察布市马铃薯黑胫病的初侵染来源,为制定马铃薯黑胫病有效防治措施提供依据。【方法】对马铃薯黑胫病进行病原菌分离、致病性鉴定、分子鉴定、土壤存活试验,通过盆栽试验和大田试验设置7个处理,分别对重茬地土壤、病地种薯和病残体进行马铃薯黑胫病发生调查,分析验证不同处理发病率的差异。【结果】病地收获薯块越冬后作为种薯种植,发病率为40.00%;从埋于土壤越冬后的病残体中分离得到马铃薯黑胫病菌（Pectobacterium atrosepticum）,且越冬后将病残体沟施于前茬无病地块再种植无病种薯试验中,发病率为43.33%;在前茬发病地块继续种植无病种薯,发病率为6.67%。未灭菌土壤中病原菌菌量随时间延长逐渐减少,常温下2个月后已不存活,-20 ℃下4个月后不再存活。马铃薯黑胫病菌在病残体中可以越冬存活,成为第2年的初侵染来源;病地土壤带菌与病害发生有关,但游离在耕作土壤中的病菌在自然温度下仅能存活2个月。【结论】内蒙古乌兰察布市马铃薯黑胫病的初侵染来源为带病种薯、越冬后病残体,且种薯的带菌量是影响病害发生的重要因素。

关键词: 马铃薯, 黑胫病, 病残体, 越冬, 初侵染来源

Abstract: 【Objective】To clarify potato blackleg disease source of infection in Ulanqab City,Inner Mongolia,and provide the basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures for potato blackleg disease.【Methods】The pathogen isolation,pathogenicity identification,molecular identification and soil survival tests of potato blackleg disease were carried out. Through pot experiment and field experiment,seven treatments were set up to investigate the occurrence of potato blackleg disease in the soil of continuous cropping land,seed potatoes of diseased land and diseased residues,and analyze and verify the differences in incidence rate of different treatments.【Results】The incidence rate of potato blackleg harvested in diseased areas and planted as seed potato over winter was 40.00%. Pectobacterium atrosepticum was isolated from the disease residue buried in soil after overwintering,and the incidence rate was 43.33% in the experiment of planting disease-free potato after the disease residue was planted in the disease-free soil. The incidence rate of disease-free potato was 6.67% in the previous diseased plots. The amount of pathogenic bacteria in unsterilized soil gradually decreased with the extension of time,and no longer survived after two months at normal temperature,and no longer survived after four months at -20 ℃. The results indicated that P. atrosepticum could survive the winter in the disease residual and become the primary infection source in the second year. The pathogenic bacteria in diseased soil were related to the occurrence of disease,but the bacteria free in cultivated soil could only survive for two months at natural temperature.【Conclusion】 The primary infection source of potato blackleg disease in Ulanqab City,Inner Mongolia is the infected seed potato and the disease residual after winter,and the amount of bacteria carried by the seed potato is an important factor affecting the occurrence of the disease.

Key words: Potato, Blackleg disease, Disease residual, Overwintering, Primary infection source

中图分类号:

S435.32

黄俊霞, 鲁蓓, 曹梦宇, 何霜霜, 李国强, 高红宇, 仇凯, 邓丰志, 孙彦敏, 阿乐达日喜, 刘丽华. 马铃薯黑胫病初侵染来源的研究[J]. 北方农业学报, 2024, 52(2): 72-78.

HUANG Junxia, LU Bei, CAO Mengyu, HE Shuangshuang, LI Guoqiang, GAO Hongyu, QIU Kai, DENG Fengzhi, SUN Yanmin, Aledarixi, LIU Lihua. The study of potato blackleg disease primer source of infection[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2024, 52(2): 72-78.

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马铃薯黑胫病初侵染来源的研究

The study of potato blackleg disease primer source of infection

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