关键词: 黄精, 人工栽培, 适应性, 药性成分, 土壤理化性质, 北方旱作区

Abstract: 【Objective】To explore the differences in medicinal components of Polygonatum sibiricum and soil physicochemical properties in dryland farming areas of northern China.【Methods】The experiment was conducted in Qingyang City,Gansu Province,from 2020 to 2024. Four cultivation sites were established：S1,S2,S3（field cultivation sites）,and S4（wild tending site）. S1 was subjected to a density experiment（T1：20 cm×15 cm,T2：25 cm×15 cm,T3：25 cm×20 cm,T4：25 cm×25 cm）,and S2 was subjected to a shading experiment（row spacing×plant spacing of 25 cm×20 cm,with two treatments：50% shading and no shading）. The medicinal components of P. sibiricum at different cultivation sites and the soil physicochemical properties at the field cultivation sites were determined.【Results】A row spacing of 25 cm×plant spacing of 20 cm was a relatively suitable planting density,and the fresh weight of P. sibiricum was the highest（8 858.85 kg/hm²）;the 50% shading treatment extremely significantly increased the aboveground dry weight,rhizome dry weight,seedling survival rate and dry weight of P. sibiricum（P<0.01）. The rhizome length,rhizome diameter,fresh weight per plant and dry weight per plant of P. sibiricum at S1,S2 and S3 were higher than those at S4,and their mean values were 36.04%,53.05%,656.67% and 709.10% higher than those at S4,respectively. In terms of medicinal components,the total saponin content was the highest at S2,which was 31.27 mg/g;the polysaccharide content was the highest at S3,which was 103.03 mg/g;and the total phenol content was the highest at S4,which was 0.65 mg/g. In terms of soil physicochemical properties,the total nitrogen content（1.34 g/kg）,organic matter content（26.42 g/kg）,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content（87.69 mg/kg）and moisture content（20.82%） at S2 were extremely significantly higher than those at S1 and S3（P<0.01）.【Conclusion】The artificial cultivation of P. sibiricum in dryland farming areas of northern China has good adaptability. A row spacing of 25 cm and plant spacing of 20 cm is a relatively suitable planting density,and the 50% shading treatment can improve the seedling survival rate of P. sibiricum. There are significant differences in the contents of medicinal components of P. sibiricum at four cultivation sites and the physicochemical properties of non-rhizosphere soil at three field cultivation sites.

Key words: Polygonatum sibiricum, Artificial cultivation, Adaptability, Medicinal components, Soil physicochemical properties, Dryland farming areas of northern China