不同除草剂对黄芪田杂草防除效果及黄芪生物量、药材产量的影响研究

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2023.03.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

[目的]研究不同除草剂对黄芪地上生物量积累、药材产量及杂草防除效果的影响。[方法]对1年生蒙古黄芪移栽苗选用5种苗后除草剂按照推荐使用浓度进行施药处理，5种农药分别为药草除1号（YCC）、灭草松（MCS）、烯草酮（XCT）、盖草能（GCN）、拿捕净（NBJ），以喷施清水为对照（CK）。每种施药处理3次重复，共18个小区。2021年6月初采用样方法统计各处理小区内杂草株数、鲜质量、干质量，于7月10日、8月10日、9月10日定期统计各处理小区蒙古黄芪地上生物量鲜重、干重，并测定当年11月采收季黄芪药材鲜重、干重。采用变异分析和单因素方差分析对统计数据进行分析。[结果]5种除草剂均表现出不同程度的杂草防除效果，其中，药草除1号处理组（YCC）杂草防效最好，株防效为77.81%，鲜质量防效为64.48%，干质量防效为80.81%。7、8、9月各除草剂处理组之间黄芪地上生物量鲜重、干重以及鲜干比之间无显著（P>0.05）差异;11月，药草除1号处理组（YCC）的黄芪药材产量鲜重和干重均显著（P<0.05）高于其他处理组。[结论]蒙古黄芪移栽田使用药草除1号进行杂草防除的效果较好，且对药材地上生物量、产量有明显的促进作用。

关键词: 除草剂, 黄芪, 生物量, 鲜干比, 杂草防效, 产量

Abstract:

[Objective] This study was conducted to assess the effects of different herbicides on the above-ground biomass accumulation and medicinal material yield of Astragalus membranaceus, and to evaluate their weed control efficacy in Astragalus membranaceus fields. [Method] Five types of post-emergence herbicides, including Herb Weed No.1 （YCC）, bentazone （MCS）, clethodim （XCT）, haloxyfop （GCN）, and sethoxydim （NBJ）, were applied on the annual Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus transplanted seedlings according to the recommended concentrations. Water was sprayed as the control （CK）. Each herbicide application treatment was repeated 3 times and a total of 18 experimental blocks were set. At the beginning of June 2021, the quadrat method was used to determine the number of plant, fresh mass, and dry mass of weeds in each experimental block. On July 10^th, August 10^th, and September 10^th in the same year, the above-ground biomass fresh weight and dry weight of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus in each experimental block were measured. In the harvest season （November in the same year）, the fresh weight and dry weight of medicinal material of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus in each experimental block were calculated. Variability analysis and single factor analysis of variance were utilized to assess the statistical data. [Result] The five herbicides had varying weed control efficacy, among which the YCC treatment group had the best, with stem control effect of 77.81%, fresh mass control effect of 64.48%, and dry mass control effect of 80.81%. There were no significant （P>0.05） differences in the above-ground biomass fresh weight, dry weight, and fresh-dry ratio of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus across the different herbicide treatment groups in July, August and September. In November, the fresh weight and dry weight of medicinal material of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus in the YCC treatment group were significantly （P<0.05） higher than those in the other treatment groups. [Conclusion] The application of Herb Weed No.1 displayed superior weed control efficacy in the transplanted fields of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus, with notable promoting effects on the above-ground biomass and medicinal material yield.

Key words: herbicide, Astragalus membranaceus, biomass, fresh-dry ratio, weed control efficacy, yield

中图分类号:

李雪, 尹大保, 刘致尧, 王健, 王俊杰. 不同除草剂对黄芪田杂草防除效果及黄芪生物量、药材产量的影响研究[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2023, 44(3): 89-95.

LI Xue, YIN Dabao, LIU Zhiyao, WAGN Jian, WANG Junjie. Weed Control Efficacy of Different Herbicides in Astragalus membranaceus Fields and The Influences on Astragalus membranaceus Biomass and Medicinal Material Yield[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2023, 44(3): 89-95.

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