北方农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 61-64.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2020.01.12

• 土壤肥料·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

叶面施硅对独头蒜生长性状、产量和品质的影响

赵永强, 樊继德, 陆信娟, 刘灿玉, 张碧薇, 杨峰   

  1. 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所,江苏 徐州 221121
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-23 出版日期:2020-01-19 发布日期:2020-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 杨峰(1975—),男,研究员,博士,主要从事大蒜育种与栽培技术的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:赵永强(1986-),男,副研究员,硕士,主要从事植物病理学方面的研究工作。

Effects of foliar application of silicon on growth characteristics,yield and quality of single-clove garlic

ZHAO Yongqiang, FAN Jide, LU Xinjuan, LIU Canyu, ZHANG Biwei, YANG Feng   

  1. Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai Area,Xuzhou 221121,China
  • Received:2019-12-23 Online:2020-01-19 Published:2020-05-08

摘要: 【目的】探索硅元素在江苏徐州市独头蒜生产中的应用效果。【方法】 采用田间小区试验,研究了叶面施硅对独头蒜生产中大蒜植株生长性状、鳞茎产量和品质的影响。【结果】 叶面连续喷施5 mmol/L的硅酸钠溶液可以提高大蒜植株的地上部长势、鳞茎产量和商品性,但也会影响大蒜鳞茎独头率和品质。与对照相比,施硅处理的大蒜植株株高、叶长、叶宽、假茎高、假茎粗和功能叶片数分别增加17.24%、14.47%、5.41%、10.58%、9.66%和9.35%;鳞茎独头率降低1.97%,单重提高8.01%,高品级独头鳞茎产量和数量占比分别提高21.85%和29.99%、低品级占比分别降低14.93%和11.31%;单头独头鳞茎干物质含量提高9.72%,干率提高2.10%;独头鳞茎单头大蒜素含量提高5.25%,但浓度却降低2.14%。【结论】 叶面施硅在徐州市独头蒜生产中具有一定的应用价值。

关键词: 硅, 独头蒜, 生长特性, 产量, 品质

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the effect of foliar application of silicon.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted on the growth characteristics,yield,and quality of single-clove garlic in Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province.【Results】The experimental results revealed that the foliar application of 5 mmol/L sodium silicate solutions could improve the above ground morphological index of garlic plants,increase the yield and commercial characteristics of single-clove bulb,but also affect their single-clove ratio and nutritional quality. Compared to the control treatment,the plant height,leaf length,leaf width,pseudo stem height,pseudo stem diameter,and functional leaf number of the silicon treated plants increased by 17.24%,14.47%,5.41%,10.58%,9.66%,and 9.35%,respectively. The single-clove bulb ratio decreased by 1.97%,the bulb weight increased by 8.01%,the yield and quantity of high-grade bulbs increased by 21.85% and 29.99%,compared with low-grade bulbs which decreased by 14.93% and 11.31%,respectively. The dry matter contents and rate of the single-clove bulbs increased by 9.72% and 2.10%,respectively,and the allicin content increased by 5.25%,but the concentration decreased by 2.14%.【Conclusion】 The results showed that the foliar silicon application has a certain application value in the production of single-clove garlic in Xuzhou City.

Key words: Silicon, Single-clove garlic, Growth characteristics, Yield, Quality

中图分类号: 

  • S633.4