北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 17-25.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.06.02

• 作物栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同间作模式对燕麦产量及其构成因素的影响

罗海婧, 薛志强, 张渊, 靳建刚, 曹文福   

  1. 山西农业大学 生态农牧研究所,山西 右玉 037200
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-22 发布日期:2026-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 薛志强(1973—),男,副研究员,学士,主要从事高寒区农作物育种栽培技术方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:罗海婧(1991—),女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事高寒区农作物育种栽培技术方面的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-07-G-3); 山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC073)

Effects of different intercropping patterns on oat yield and its components

LUO Haijing, XUE Zhiqiang, ZHANG Yuan, JIN Jiangang, CAO Wenfu   

  1. Institute of Ecological Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Youyu 037200, China
  • Received:2025-07-22 Published:2026-01-26

摘要: 【目的】明确不同间作模式对燕麦产量及其构成因素的影响,旨在合理运用间作技术提升雁门关农牧交错带土地生产力并改善区域生态环境。【方法】于2022年在山西农业大学生态农牧研究所右玉基地进行田间试验,设置3种间作模式:燕麦大豆间作(O//S)、燕麦红芸豆间作(O//R)、燕麦马铃薯间作(O//P),并以各作物单作为对照,测定不同种植模式下作物产量及产量构成因素,探究燕麦最优间作配置。【结果】3种间作模式均表现出显著间作优势,土地当量比(LER)均大于 1,分别为 1.13(O//S)、1.16(O//R)、1.33(O//P);3种间作模式的燕麦边行行产量显著高于内行和单作,边行效应突出;燕麦在3种间作模式中的资源竞争能力均强于配对作物,其中 O//P 模式下燕麦竞争力指数最高,为 1.64。【结论】燕麦马铃薯间作模式既有利于保障燕麦产量,又能实现最高土地利用率,在雁门关农牧交错带具有较高推广应用价值。

关键词: 燕麦, 间作模式, 土地当量比, 边行效应, 竞争力指数, 雁门关农牧交错带

Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the effects of different intercropping patterns on oat yield and its components,with the goal of optimizing intercropping techniques to enhance land productivity and improve the regional ecological environment in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Yanmen Pass.【Methods】 A field experiment was conducted in 2022 at the Youyu Base of the Institute of Ecological Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Shanxi Agricultural University. Three intercropping patterns were established namely oat-soybean(O//S),oat-red kidney bean(O//R),and oat-potato(O//P),using monocropping of each crop as controls. Crop yield and yield components were measured under different planting patterns to identify the optimal intercropping configuration for oats.【Results】 All three intercropping patterns exhibited significant intercropping advantages,with land equivalent ratio(LER)exceeding 1,reaching 1.13(O//S),1.16(O//R),and 1.33(O//P). The oat row yield in the border rows was significantly higher than that in the inner rows and monocropping across all three patterns,demonstrating a prominent border effect. Oats showed stronger resource competitive ability than companion crops across all three patterns,with the highest oat competitive index(1.64) observed in the O//P pattern.【Conclusion】 The oat-potato intercropping pattern not only ensures stable oat yield but also achieves the highest land-use efficiency,suggesting high value for promotion and application in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Yanmen Pass.

Key words: Oat, Intercropping pattern, Land equivalent ratio, Border effect, Competition index, Agro-pastoral ecotone of Yanmen Pass

中图分类号: 

  • S512.6