北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 55-65.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.06.05

• 植物保护·园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

多功能秸秆降解菌LF-4的鉴定及功能验证

余江泳1,2, 王东1,2, 侯伟峰3, 郭晨4, 贺小勇4, 张超4, 赵颖4, 赵远征4   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学 园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;
    2.生物农药创制与资源利用重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;
    3.兴安盟农牧科学院,内蒙古 乌兰浩特 137400;
    4.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 植物保护研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2026-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 赵远征(1978—),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事功能微生物资源收集与利用方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:余江泳(2001—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物微生态制剂。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费(BR22-11-14); 内蒙古中央引导地方发展基金项目(2024ZY0028); 呼和浩特市高校院所协同创新项目(XTCX2023-19)

Identification and functional verification of the multifunctional straw-degrading strain LF-4

YU Jiangyong1,2, WANG Dong1,2, HOU Weifeng3, GUO Chen4, HE Xiaoyong4, ZHANG Chao4, ZHAO Ying4, ZHAO Yuanzheng4   

  1. 1. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
    2. Key Lab of Creation and Resource Utilization of Biopesticides, Hohhot 010018, China;
    3. Hinggan League Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ulanhot 137400, China;
    4. Institute of Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
  • Received:2025-07-28 Published:2026-01-26

摘要: 【目的】对多功能秸秆降解菌LF-4进行鉴定和功能验证,以解决秸秆还田过程中秸秆降解缓慢、残留量大和对后茬作物存在潜在威胁等问题。【方法】从油菜秸秆中分离获得菌株LF-4,利用刚果红染色法、苯胺蓝脱色法及滤纸条崩解法对其纤维素降解能力进行测定,并进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定,同时测定其产纤维素酶活性和秸秆降解能力;利用salkowski比色法、平板对峙法验证其促生、拮抗、解磷功能。【结果】菌株LF-4具有较强纤维素降解能力,为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),其纤维素酶活性最高达207.45 U/mL,液态发酵30 d油菜秸秆室内降解率可达53.04%。菌株LF-4具有促生、解磷、产蛋白酶功能,吲哚乙酸(IAA)产量为10.26 mg/L,抑菌谱广泛,抑菌率最高为67.19%。【结论】贝莱斯芽孢杆菌LF-4其核心特性为强纤维素降解能力,并兼具促生、拮抗、解磷功能。

关键词: 秸秆, 降解菌, 纤维素降解, 促生, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌

Abstract: 【Objective】 To identify and verify the functions of the multifunctional straw-degrading strain LF-4,addressing issues such as slow straw decomposition,excessive residue,and potential threats to subsequent crops during the process of straw returning to the field.【Methods】 Strain LF-4 was isolated from rapeseed straw. Its cellulose-degrading capability was measured using the Congo Red staining method,aniline blue decolorization method,and filter paper disintegration assay. The strain was identified through morphological and molecular biological methods. Its cellulase activity and straw degradation capability were determined. The growth-promoting,antagonistic,and phosphate-solubilizing functions of the strain were verified using the salkowski colorimetric method and the plate confrontation assay.【Results】 Strain LF-4 exhibited robust cellulose-degrading capacity and was identified as Bacillus velezensis. Its peak cellulase activity reached 207.45 U/mL,and the indoor degradation rate of rapeseed straw reached 53.04% after 30 d of liquid fermentation. Strain LF-4 demonstrated growth-promoting,phosphate-solubilizing,and protease-producing functions,with an indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) yield of 10.26 mg/L,and displayed a broad antimicrobial spectrum,with a maximum inhibition rate of 67.19%.【Conclusion】 The core characteristic of B. velezensis LF-4 is the strong cellulose-degrading capability,and it also possesses growth-promoting,antagonistic,and phosphate-solubilizing functions.

Key words: Straw, Degrading strain, Cellulose degradation, Growth-promotion, Bacillus velezensis

中图分类号: 

  • S182