沙漠边缘小气候对沙坡头区酿酒葡萄品质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-1197.2019.06.21

北方农业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 119-124.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1197.2019.06.21

沙漠边缘小气候对沙坡头区酿酒葡萄品质的影响

张泽瑾^1,2, 杨豫³, 李芳红³, 冯蕊³

1.中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏银川 750002;
2.中卫市气象局,宁夏中卫 755000;
3.宁夏大学,宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2019-11-14 发布日期:2020-01-19
作者简介:张泽瑾（1994—）,女,助理工程师,学士,主要从事天气预报及服务工作。
基金资助:
中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室青年项目（CAMT-201908）

Influence of microclimate on the edge of the Shapotou desert on the quality of wine grape

ZHANG Zejin^1,2, YANG Yu³, LI Fanghong³, FENG Rui³

1.Key Laboratory of Early Warning and Early Warning and Risk Management of Agricultural Meteorological Disasters in the Arid Region of China Meteorological Administration,Yinchuan 750002,China;
2.Zhongwei Meteorological Bureau,Zhongwei 755000,China;
3.Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China

Received:2019-11-14 Published:2020-01-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为摸清沙坡头区沙漠边缘小气候规律,明确其小气候效应及对葡萄品质的影响,文章根据2019年4月上旬至9月下旬沙坡头区沙漠边缘碱碱湖开发区与正常背景下常乐基地葡萄园小气候观测和酿酒葡萄取样化验结果,运用主成分分析法对酿酒葡萄主要品质因子总糖、糖酸比、pH值、单宁进行综合评价,运用因子分析法分析影响酿酒葡萄综合品质的主要气象因子和影响时段。结果表明：碱碱湖开发区酿酒葡萄含糖量高,单宁含量丰富,综合得分高。生育期内最高气温22.0~31.2 ℃,最低气温9.3~16.4 ℃,有效积温1 762.5 ℃,20~40 cm地温20.0~25.0 ℃,日照时数1 495.8 h,降水量26.3 mm,空气湿度44.4%。故沙坡头区沙漠边缘小气候具有昼夜温差大、热量充足、降水量少、湿度小等特点,利于葡萄糖分积累及酚类物质含量提升,适合优质酿酒葡萄的种植。

关键词: 沙漠边缘, 小气候, 酿酒葡萄, 品质, 气象因子, 沙坡头区

Abstract: In order to find out the microclimate law on the edge of the desert and to clarify its microclimate effect and its influence on the grape quality,this paper reported the microclimate observation and the sampling test results of wine grape from Jianjian Lake Development Zone vineyard in Shapotou desert edge and Changle base vineyard in normal background from the beginning of April to the end of September in 2019.A principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the main quality factors of wine grape,total sugar,sugar and acid ratio,pH and tannin.The main meteorological factors and influence periods affecting the comprehensive quality of wine grape were analyzed by factor analysis.The results showed that the wine grape in the Jianjian Lake Development Zone had high sugar content,rich tannin content and a high comprehensive score.The maximum temperature during the growth period was 22.0-31.2 ℃;the lowest temperature was 9.3-16.4 ℃;the effective accumulated temperature was 1 762.5 ℃;the temperature of 20-40 cm was 20.0-25.0 ℃;the sunshine hours were 1 495.8 h;the precipitation was 26.3 mm;and the air humidity was 44.4%.Therefore,the microclimate at the edge of the desert has the characteristics of a large temperature difference between day and night,sufficient heat,less precipitation,and low humidity,which was beneficial to the accumulation of glucose and the increase of phenolic content,and was suitable for the cultivation of high-quality wine grape.

Key words: Desert edge, Microclimate, Wine grape, Quality, Meteorological factor, Shapotou desert

中图分类号:

S663.1

张泽瑾, 杨豫, 李芳红, 冯蕊. 沙漠边缘小气候对沙坡头区酿酒葡萄品质的影响[J]. 北方农业学报, 2019, 47(6): 119-124.

ZHANG Zejin, YANG Yu, LI Fanghong, FENG Rui. Influence of microclimate on the edge of the Shapotou desert on the quality of wine grape[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2019, 47(6): 119-124.

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沙漠边缘小气候对沙坡头区酿酒葡萄品质的影响

Influence of microclimate on the edge of the Shapotou desert on the quality of wine grape

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