北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 75-84.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.02.08

• 土壤肥料 • 上一篇    下一篇

华北寒旱区马铃薯品种的磷效率评价及筛选

张弘韬1, 闫宝月1, 刘玉华1,2, 韩继林1, 魏佳兴1, 马亚楠3, 张继宗1,2   

  1. 1.河北农业大学 农学院,河北 保定 071000;
    2.农业农村部张北农业资源与生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站,河北 张家口 076450;
    3.河北农业大学 园艺学院,河北 保定 071000
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-30 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 张继宗(1980—),男,助理研究员,博士,主要从事农作制度与区域农业发展的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:张弘韬(1995—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为集约持续农作制度。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901104-5); 河北省现代农业产业技术体系露地蔬菜创新团队专项资金项目(HBCT2021200209)

Evaluation and screening of phosphorus efficiency in potato varieties in the cold and arid region of North China

ZHANG Hongtao1, YAN Baoyue1, LIU Yuhua1,2, HAN Jilin1, WEI Jiaxing1, MA Ya′nan3, ZHANG Jizong1,2   

  1. 1. College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;
    2. Zhangbei Key Field Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Agricultural Resources and Ecological Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhangjiakou 076450,China;
    3. College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China
  • Received:2024-09-30 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-09-08

摘要: 【目的】筛选磷高效马铃薯品种,提高华北寒旱区磷肥利用效率。【方法】以15个马铃薯品种作为供试材料,于2021﹑2022年设置大田条件下不施磷肥与施磷肥处理,从马铃薯产量、磷浓度、磷吸收量、磷生物学效率、磷肥农学效率、磷肥偏生产力、磷肥表观利用率等指标进行磷效率评价,并采用隶属函数对不同马铃薯品种进行综合磷效率评价及筛选。【结果】不同马铃薯品种和施磷水平均会影响马铃薯鲜重产量,在不施磷肥处理下大西洋的产量最高,为51 973 kg/hm2;施磷肥处理下北方009产量的增幅最大,为8.22%,对磷素较敏感。2022年,高磷条件下,马铃薯品种干重产量增幅为4.91%~9.50%,其中北方009增幅最高;低磷条件下,干重产量增幅为0.57%~5.21%,其中大西洋增幅最高。低磷条件下,北方009磷生物学效率最高,为465.12 kg/kg;磷肥产量贡献率变化为0.56%~8.68%,北方009最高,其次是大西洋。隶属函数分析表明,北方009的隶属函数综合值为0.99,大西洋为0.93。【结论】马铃薯品种北方009、大西洋的综合磷效率较高,可用于农业生产或磷高效种质资源。

关键词: 马铃薯品种, 磷效率评价, 筛选, 隶属函数

Abstract: 【Objective】To screen potato varieties with high phosphorus(P) efficiency to enhance phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency in the cold and arid region of North China.【Methods】Fifteen potato varieties were used as experimental materials in field trials conducted in 2021 and 2022,with treatments of no phosphorus fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer application. Phosphorus efficiency was evaluated based on indicators including potato yield,phosphorus concentration,phosphorus uptake,phosphorus biological efficiency,agronomic efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer,partial factor productivity of phosphorus fertilizer,and apparent utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer. A membership function analysis was employed to comprehensively evaluate the phosphorus efficiency of different potato varieties and screen them.【Results】Different potato varieties and phosphorus application levels affected fresh weight yield. Under no phosphorus fertilizer treatment,the Atlantic variety exhibited the highest yield at 51 973 kg/hm2. Under phosphorus fertilizer treatment,the North 009 variety showed the greatest yield increase of 8.22%,indicating high sensitivity to phosphorus.In 2022,under high phosphorus conditions,the dry weight yield increase ranged from 4.91% to 9.50%,with the North 009 variety showing the highest increase;under low phosphorus conditions,the dry weight yield increase ranged from 0.57% to 5.21%,with the Atlantic variety exhibiting the highest increase. Under low phosphorus conditions,the North 009 variety demonstrated the highest phosphorus biological efficiency at 465.12 kg/kg;the contribution rate of phosphorus fertilizer to yield varied from 0.56% to 8.68%,with the North 009 variety being the highest,followed by the Atlantic variety. Membership function analysis revealed that the North 009 variety had the highest comprehensive membership function value of 0.99,followed by the Atlantic variety at 0.93.【Conclusion】The potato varieties North 009 and Atlantic exhibite superior comprehensive phosphorus efficiency,making them suitable for agricultural production or as phosphorus-efficient germplasm resources.

Key words: Potato varieties, Phosphorus efficiency evaluation, Screening, Membership function

中图分类号: 

  • S532