北方农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 64-71.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2024.02.07

• 植物保护·园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

鹰嘴豆田土壤处理除草剂筛选

王丹1, 马亚杰1, 宋贤鹏1, 单永潘1, 马艳1, 张银宝2, 刘军2, 王仙3, 向莉4   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院 棉花研究所/棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室,河南 安阳 455000;
    2.新疆金丰源种业有限公司,新疆 阿克苏 842008;
    3.新疆农业科学院 粮食作物研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830091;
    4新疆农业科学院 奇台麦类试验站,新疆 奇台 831800
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-01 出版日期:2024-04-20 发布日期:2024-07-24
  • 通讯作者: 马 艳(1970—),女,研究员,学士,主要从事棉花害虫综合防治技术方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:王 丹(1990—),女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事绿色安全高效农药新配方筛选及新产品创制方面的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-15-24)

Screening of soil-applied herbicides in chickpea field

WANG Dan1, MA Yajie1, SONG Xianpeng1, SHAN Yongpan1, MA Yan1, ZHANG Yinbao2, LIU Jun2, WANG Xian3, XIANG Li4   

  1. 1. Institute of Cotton Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization,Anyang 455000,China;
    2. Xinjiang Jinfengyuan Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Aksu 842008,China;
    3. Institute of Food Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;
    4. Qitai Triticeae Crops Experiment Station,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qitai 831800,China
  • Received:2024-03-01 Online:2024-04-20 Published:2024-07-24

摘要: 【目的】 筛选适宜于鹰嘴豆田土壤处理的安全高效除草剂。【方法】 选择生产上常用的12种除草剂进行田间土壤试验,采用绝对值调查法评价各除草剂的除草效果,并分析试验剂量下各除草剂对鹰嘴豆的安全性。【结果】 各处理对鹰嘴豆田阔叶草均具有较好的封闭效果,药后45 d对阔叶草总草的株防效可达93.85%~100%,鲜重防效达87.80%~100%。各处理对禾本科杂草防效略有差异,其中,330 g/L 二甲戊灵EC、50%乙草胺EC、50%敌草胺WDG、960 g/L 精异丙甲草胺EC和40%砜吡草唑SC处理均可有效封闭禾本科杂草,药后45 d对禾本科总草的株防效和鲜重防效可达95.19%~100%和99.13%~100%,且对鹰嘴豆安全;42%氟啶草酮SC、65%氨氟乐灵WDG、480 g/L 氟乐灵EC、240 g/L 乙氧氟草醚EC和250 g/L 噁草酮EC处理对禾本科杂草防效也较好,药后45 d对禾本科总草的株防效可达96.58%~100%,且除240 g/L 乙氧氟草醚EC外,鲜重防效可达88.24%~100%,但对鹰嘴豆生长均存在不同程度的药害,药害随鹰嘴豆生长可逐渐缓解;50%扑草净WP和51%丙炔氟草胺WDG虽可在一定程度上封闭禾本科杂草,但持效期均较短,且50%扑草净WP对鹰嘴豆有明显药害。【结论】 从除草效果和对鹰嘴豆的安全性考虑,330 g/L 二甲戊灵EC、50%乙草胺EC、50%敌草胺WDG、960 g/L 精异丙甲草胺EC和40%砜吡草唑SC是适宜于鹰嘴豆田土壤处理的除草剂。

关键词: 鹰嘴豆, 土壤处理, 除草剂, 防效, 筛选, 安全性

Abstract: 【Objective】To screen out safe and efficient soil-applied herbicides suitable for chickpea field.【Methods】To select 12 commonly-used herbicides in production for field soil experiments,use absolute value survey method to evaluate the weeding effect of each herbicide,and analyze the safety of each herbicide on chickpea under experimental doses.【Results】Every treatment had good soil sealing effect on broadleaf weeds in chickpea field,with the plant control efficacy ranging from 93.85% to 100% and the fresh weight control efficacy ranging from 87.80% to 100% at 45 days after application. However,there were some differences of control effect on gramineous weeds among these different treatments. 330 g/L pendimethalin EC,50% acetochlor EC,50% napropamide WDG,960 g/L S-metolachlor EC and 40% pyroxasulfone SC were safe to chickpea and could effectively control the gramineous weeds in chickpea fields,with the plant control efficacy ranging from 95.19% to 100% and the fresh weight control efficacy ranging from 99.13% to 100% after 45 days,42% fluridone SC,65% prodiamine WDG,480 g/L trifluralin EC,240 g/L oxyfluorfen EC and 250 g/L oxadiazon EC also had good control effect on gramineous weeds,with the plant control efficacy ranging from 96.58% to 100%. The fresh weight control efficacy of these five herbicides except 240 g/L oxyfluorfen EC was ranged from 88.24% to 100% after 45 days. However,these five kinds of herbicides exhibited different degree of phytotoxicity to chickpea,which could gradually ease with the growth of chickpea. 50% prometryn WP and 51% flumioxazin WDG could seal gramineous weeds to a certain extent,but the persistence was relatively short and 50% prometryn WP had obvious phytotoxicity.【Conclusion】Based on comprehensive consideration of control effect and crop safety,330 g/L pendimethalin EC,50% acetochlor EC,50% napropamide WDG,960 g/L S-metolachlor EC and 40% pyroxasulfone SC were suitable for soil-applied herbicide chickpea field.

Key words: Chickpea, Soil treatment, Herbicide, Control efficacy, Screening, Safety

中图分类号: 

  • S451.24