甾醇类衍生物SC303对大豆种子萌发和幼苗根系形态的影响

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2026.04.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究甾醇类衍生物SC303对大豆种子萌发和幼苗根系形态的影响,为大豆生产提供参考。【方法】试验共设置5个SC303浓度处理,分别为0.02 μmol/L（T1）、0.10 μmol/L（T2）、0.50 μmol/L（T3）、2.50 μmol/L（T4）、5.00 μmol/L（T5）,以蒸馏水为对照（CK）,将大豆品种黑河43浸泡8 h,于发芽试验第1天、第3天、第5天、第7天测定大豆子叶淀粉酶活性、子叶和根系游离氨基酸含量,分析发芽率、发芽势及根系形态指标,并通过Mantel分析各指标间的相关性。【结果】不同浓度SC303浸种对大豆种子萌发具有显著影响,T1、T4、T5处理的发芽率分别为96.00%、92.00%、95.33%,均显著高于CK（P<0.05）;T1处理发芽势最高（92.00%）,且显著高于CK（P<0.05）。各处理大豆子叶淀粉酶活性差异显著,T3处理效果最佳,第1天为0.55 U/g,第5天升至峰值（0.76 U/g）,第7天仍保持较高的淀粉酶活性（0.70 U/g）,且均显著高于CK（P<0.05）;T3处理第5天子叶游离氨基酸含量为348.19 mg/g,较CK显著提高93.60%（P<0.05）,第7天为328.20 mg/g。T3、T4处理第1天根系游离氨基酸含量分别为83.04、86.86 mg/g,均显著高于CK（P<0.05）。T3处理总根长、根体积、根表面积、根尖数均最高,分别为96.62 cm、0.35 cm³、21.53 cm²、167.50个。Mantel分析表明,萌发特征与第1天、第3天、第5天的子叶淀粉酶活性呈极显著正相关关系（Mantel′s r>0.4,P<0.01）,与第5天的根系游离氨基酸含量呈极显著正相关关系（Mantel′s r>0.4,P<0.01）;根系形态特征与第3天、第5天的根系游离氨基酸含量呈极显著正相关关系（Mantel′s r>0.4,P<0.01）。【结论】0.50 μmol/L SC303处理可显著提高大豆子叶淀粉酶活性和根系游离氨基酸含量,为种子萌发提供物质保障;促进幼苗根系伸长、根表面积扩大和根尖数增加,优化根系构型,是促进大豆种子萌发和根系早期建成的适宜浓度,具备开发潜力。

关键词: 大豆, SC303, 甾醇类衍生物, 种子萌发, 根系形态

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the effects of the sterol derivative SC303 on seed germination and seedling root morphology of soybean,and provide a reference for soybean production.【Methods】Five concentrations of SC303 were established：0.02 μmol/L（T1）,0.10 μmol/L（T2）,0.50 μmol/L（T3）,2.50 μmol/L（T4）,and 5.00 μmol/L（T5）,with distilled water as the control（CK）. Soybean variety Heihe 43 was soaked for 8 h. On days 1,3,5,and 7 of the germination test,amylase activities in cotyledons,cotyledons and root free amino acids content of soybean were measured. Germination rate,germination potential and root morphological indicators were analyzed,and the correlations among these indicators were evaluated via Mantel test.【Results】Seed soaking with different concentrations of SC303 significantly affected soybean seed germination and the germination rates of T1,T4 and T5 treatments were 96.00%,92.00% and 95.33%,respectively,all significantly higher than that of CK（P<0.05）;the germination potential of T1 treatment was the highest（92.00%）,which was significantly higher than that of CK（P<0.05）. The amylase activity in soybean cotyledons of each treatment was significantly different and the effect of T3 treatment performed best,with amylase activity of 0.55 U/g on day 1,reaching a peak on day 5（0.76 U/g）,and maintaining a high level on day 7（0.70 U/g）,all significantly higher than that of CK（P<0.05）;the content of free amino acids in cotyledons of T3 treatment was 348.19 mg/g on day 5,which was significantly increased by 93.60% compared with CK（P<0.05）,and was 328.20 mg/g on day 7. The contents of free amino acids in root of T3 and T4 treatments on day 1 were 83.04 and 86.86 mg/g,respectively,which were significantly higher than that of CK（P<0.05）. The total root length,root volume,root surface area and root tip number of T3 treatment were the highest,reaching 96.62 cm,0.35 cm³,21.53 cm² and 167.50,respectively. Mantel analysis indicated that germination characteristics were extremely significantly positively correlated with the amylase activities in cotyledons on days 1,3,and 5（Mantel′s r>0.4,P<0.01）,and with the content of free amino acids in root on day 5（Mantel′s r>0.4,P<0.01）;root morphological characteristics were extremely significantly positively correlated with the contents of free amino acids in root on days 3 and 5（Mantel′s r>0.4,P<0.01）.【Conclusion】The treatment with 0.50 μmol/L SC303 significantly increases the amylase activity in soybean cotyledons and the content of free amino acids in root,providing material support for seed germination. It also promotes root elongation,expands root surface area,increases the number of root tips,and optimizes root architecture. This concentration is suitable for promoting soybean seed germination and early root establishment,showing development potential.

Key words: Soybean, SC303, Sterol derivative, Seed germination, Root morphology

中图分类号:

S565.1

王浩然, 段元昊, 陈训琦, 李莉, 王孟雪, 金喜军. 甾醇类衍生物SC303对大豆种子萌发和幼苗根系形态的影响[J]. 北方农业学报, 2026, 54(4): 34-42.

WANG Haoran, DUAN Yuanhao, CHEN Xunqi, LI Li, WANG Mengxue, JIN Xijun. Effects of sterol derivative SC303 on soybean seed germination and seedling root morphology[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2026, 54(4): 34-42.

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