山东省部分肉鸭养殖场大肠杆菌耐药性检测及毒力基因流行分布特征

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.01.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]监测山东省部分肉鸭养殖场大肠杆菌耐药性及毒力基因流行分布特征。[方法]从山东省4个规模化养鸭场采集240份泄殖腔棉拭子样品,通过鉴别培养基分离大肠杆菌,通过基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱仪鉴定大肠杆菌;利用肉汤稀释法检测大肠杆菌分离株对11种抗菌药物的敏感性;利用PCR方法检测大肠杆菌分离株的耐药基因和毒力基因携带情况。[结果]共分离到212株大肠杆菌,分离率为88.33%（212/240）。所有菌株均对多西环素耐药,对美罗培南敏感,对氨苄西林（99.05%）和阿莫西林/克拉维酸（97.64%）表现出较强的耐药性;大肠杆菌分离株的多重耐药率为93.40%;耐药谱分析表明,有63株菌株对9种抗菌药物耐药,有51株菌株对8种抗菌药物耐药,有47株菌株对10种抗菌药物耐药。在检测的21个耐药基因中,耐药基因aadA2、strA、strB、bla_TEM、qnrS、mcr-1、tetA的检出率为52.83%~94.34%,未检测到耐药基因qnrD、tetG、aadA,以同时携带8种耐药基因的菌株数最多,为60株。在检测的18个毒力基因中,毒力基因yijp、ibeB、OmpA、mat、iucD、fimC、vat的检出率为54.25%~98.58%,以同时携带7种毒力基因的菌株数最多,为71株;毒力基因携带模式以ibeB-yijp-mat-OmpA-fimC-iucD（14.62%）为主。[结论]山东省部分肉鸭养殖场鸭源大肠杆菌耐药情况较严重,以同时携带7种毒力基因模式为主,提示所分离的鸭源大肠杆菌可能存在较强的致病力,应加强对该地区鸭源大肠杆菌耐药性的监测。

关键词: 肉鸭, 大肠杆菌, 耐药性, 耐药基因, 毒力基因

Abstract: [Objective] To monitor the antibiotic resistance profiles and the epidemiological distribution of virulence genes in Escherichia coli isolates from selected meat duck farms in Shandong Province. [Methods] A total of 240 cloacal swab samples were collected from four large-scale duck farms in Shandong Province. E. coli was isolated and identified using differential culture media and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF MS）. The susceptibility of E. coli isolates to 11 antibacterial agents was determined using the broth dilution method. Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was employed to detect the presence of resistance genes and virulence genes in the isolates. [Results] A total of 212 E. coli strains were isolated, with an isolation rate of 88.33% （212/240）. All isolates exhibited resistance to doxycycline and were sensitive to meropenem. High resistance rates were observed against ampicillin （99.05%） and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid （97.64%）. The multidrug resistance （MDR） rate among the isolates was 93.40%. Resistance spectrum analysis revealed that 63 strains were resistant to 9 antibacterial agents, 51 strains to 8 agents, and 47 strains to 10 agents. Among the 21 resistance genes tested, the detection rates of aadA2, strA, strB, bla_TEM, qnrS, mcr-1, and tetA ranged from 52.83% to 94.34%, while qnrD, tetG, and aadA were not detected, with strains co-carrying eight resistance genes being the most prevalent （60 strains）. Among the 18 virulence genes analyzed, yijp, ibeB, OmpA, mat, iucD, fimC, and vat showed detection rates ranging from 54.25% to 98.58%, with strains co-carrying seven virulence genes being the most common （71 strains）. The predominant virulence gene pattern was ibeB-yijp-mat-OmpA-fimC-iucD （14.62%）. [Conclusion] E. coli isolates from meat ducks in certain farms in Shandong Province exhibited severe antibiotic resistance, with a prevailing pattern of co-carrying seven virulence genes. These findings suggest that the isolated duck-derived E. coli may possess significant pathogenic potential, highlighting the need for enhanced monitoring of antibiotic resistance in duck-derived E. coli in this region.

Key words: meat duck, Escherichia coli, antibiotic resistance, resistance genes, virulence genes

中图分类号:

S858.322.612

刘峰, 朱凤珠, 闫超, 武健, 赵翠. 山东省部分肉鸭养殖场大肠杆菌耐药性检测及毒力基因流行分布特征[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2025, 46(1): 120-128.

LIU Feng, ZHU Fengzhu, YAN Chao, WU Jian, ZHAO Cui. Detection of Antibiotic Resistance and Prevalence of Virulence Genes in Escherichia coli from Selected Meat Duck Farms in Shandong Province[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2025, 46(1): 120-128.

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