不同收获期青贮玉米品种农艺性状和生物学产量的研究

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2022.01.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的] 研究不同收获期对2种玉米农艺性状和生物学产量的影响,选择适宜在内蒙古乌兰察布市凉城县制作青贮饲料的玉米品种以及最佳收获期。[方法] 以全株青贮玉米吉东81和粮用玉米甘优702为试验材料,试验期为2019年9月5日至10月5日,设11个收获日期,分析不同收获日期2种玉米株高以及各部位鲜物质产量、干物质含量和干物质产量的变化。[结果] 2种玉米株高随着收获期的延长呈先增加后平稳趋势,9月17日吉东81和甘优702的株高最高,分别为3.51 m和2.94 m,试验期间吉东81的平均株高显著（P<0.05）高于甘优702。2种玉米茎叶、秆、果穗和整株鲜物质产量呈先上升后下降趋势,干物质含量呈递增趋势,干物质产量呈先上升后平稳趋势。2种玉米整株平均鲜物质产量差异不显著（P>0.05）,吉东81的整株平均干物质含量和干物质产量显著（P<0.05）低于甘优702。[结论] 全株青贮玉米品种吉东81最佳收获期为9月23—26日,粮用玉米品种甘优702最佳收获期为9月17—20日,且在相同种植条件下全株青贮玉米品种吉东81更适合在内蒙古乌兰察布市凉城县推广。

关键词: 收获期, 品种, 青贮玉米, 农艺性状, 生物学产量

Abstract: [Objective] To assess the effects of varied harvest periods on agronomic traits and biological yields of two maize varieties, screen the maize varieties suitable for preparing silage in Liangcheng County, Ulanqab City,Inner Mongolia, and determine the best harvest period. [Method] A whole plant silage maize variety Jidong 81 and a grain maize variety Ganyou 702 were used as experimental materials. A total of 11 harvest dates during 5^th September and 5^th October in the year 2019 were set. The plant heights as well as fresh matter yields, dry matter contents and dry matter yields in different parts of the tested maize were monitored and statistically compared. [Result] The plant heights of the two maize varieties increased at first and then stabilized with the extension of the harvest periods. The maximum plant heights were observed on 17^th September in both Jidong 81 and Ganyou 702, which were 3.51 m and 2.94 m, respectively; the average plant height of Jidong 81 was significantly （P<0.05） higher than that of Ganyou 702 during the experimental period. The fresh matter yields of stems and leaves, stalks, ears and whole plant of the two maize varieties increased first and then decreased, their dry matter contents showed an gradually increasing trend, and their dry matter yields increased at first and then stabilized. There was no significant （P>0.05） difference in the whole plant average fresh matter yield between the two maize varieties. Jidong 81 had significantly （P<0.05） lower whole plant average dry matter content and whole plant average dry matter yield in comparison to Ganyou 702. [Conclusion] The best harvest period for the whole plant silage maize variety Jidong 81 was from 23^th to 26^th September, and that of the grain maize variety Ganyou 702 was from 17^th to 20^th September. Under the same planting conditions, Jidong 81 was more suitable to be promoted in this area.

Key words: harvest period, variety, silage maize, agronomic traits, biological yield

中图分类号:

S816.15

苏日娜, 吐日根白乙拉. 不同收获期青贮玉米品种农艺性状和生物学产量的研究[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2022, 43(1): 23-30.

Surina, Turigenbaiyila. Agronomic Traits and Biological Yields of Two Maize Varieties in Different Harvest Periods[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2022, 43(1): 23-30.

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