畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 24-28.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.03.004

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同乳酸菌对黄芪发酵性能的影响

侯楠楠1, 王倩1, 张海超2, 王梅1, 谢全喜1, 胡著然1   

  1. 1.山东宝来利来生物工程股份有限公司/山东省动物微生态制剂与畜禽高效养殖重点实验室,山东 泰安 271000;
    2.山东和美华农牧科技股份有限公司,山东 济南 250000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-21 出版日期:2025-05-30 发布日期:2025-09-02
  • 作者简介:侯楠楠(1989—),女,副高级畜牧师,硕士,主要从事动物微生态制剂的研发工作。
  • 基金资助:
    2022年泰安市人才工程创新项目(DZRC202215)

Effects of Different Lactic Acid Bacteria on Fermentation Performance of Astragalus membranaceus

HOU Nannan1, WANG Qian1, ZHANG Haichao2, WANG Mei1, XIE Quanxi1, HU Zhuran1   

  1. 1. Shandong Baolai-Leelai Bio-Industrial Co., Ltd./Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Preparations and Efficient Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Tai’an 271000, China;
    2. Shandong Hemeihua Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China
  • Received:2025-03-21 Online:2025-05-30 Published:2025-09-02

摘要: [目的]探究不同乳酸菌固态发酵技术对黄芪活性成分生物利用度的提升作用,并评估其安全性。[方法]选择黄芪粉作为试验对象,采用乳酸菌ZW0410、FJ0021、LYS0032、BJLY0086、SS0204、WT0327、GL0108共7株乳酸菌对黄芪粉进行生料厌氧发酵(基料∶水=1∶0.5,2%接种量,37 ℃培养48 h),测定pH值、微生物活性及有效成分变化,筛选适宜黄芪发酵的乳酸菌。[结果]乳酸菌ZW0410、FJ0021、LYS0032、BJLY0086、SS0204、WT0327均可发酵黄芪,发酵后乳酸菌数均可达到108 CFU/g以上,乳酸含量显著(P<0.05)高于对照组;ZW0410组效果最优,乳酸菌活菌数达2.64×109 CFU/g,乳酸含量14.84 g/kg,pH值降至4.12,总黄酮和粗多糖含量分别提升至18.06 g/kg(较空白组提高1.65倍)和36.93 g/kg,总糖含量降低6.4个百分点;乳酸菌BJLY0086组总黄酮含量最高(19.48 g/kg,较空白组提高1.86倍)。此外,乳酸菌发酵明显抑制霉菌增殖(除GL0108组外均未检出霉菌),毒素(AFB1、ZEN、DON)及大肠杆菌含量均符合安全标准。[结论]在此试验条件下,筛选出适宜黄芪发酵的乳酸菌ZW0410。使用该乳酸菌发酵黄芪,可显著(P<0.05)提高黄芪总黄酮及粗多糖含量,同时能够抑制霉菌生长。

关键词: 黄芪, 乳酸菌, 发酵, 活性成分

Abstract: [Objective] To explore the effect of different solid-state fermentation techniques of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the bioavailability of active components of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and evaluate its safety. [Methods] AM powder was fermented anaerobically using seven LAB strains (ZW0410,FJ0021,LYS0032,BJLY0086,SS0204,WT0327,GL0108) under raw material conditions (substrate∶water=1∶0.5, 2% inoculum, 37 ℃ for 48 h). Parameters including pH, microbial activity (LAB count), lactic acid content and functional components (total flavonoids, crude polysaccharides, total sugars) were measured to screen optimal LAB strains. [Results] Six LAB strains (ZW0410, FJ0021, LYS0032, BJLY0086, SS0204, WT0327) could ferment AM. After fermentation, the number of LAB could reach more than 108 CFU/g, and the lactic acid content was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of the control group. The ZW0410 group showed the best effect. The number of LAB reached 2.64×109 CFU/g, lactic acid content was 14.84 g/kg, pH decreased to 4.12, total flavonoids and crude polysaccharides increased to 18.06 g/kg (1.65 times higher than the blank group) and 36.93 g/kg, respectively, and total sugar content decreased by 6.4 percentage points. The Lactic acid bacteria BJLY0086 group showed the highest total flavonoid content(19.48 g/kg, 1.86 times higher than the blank group). In addition, LAB fermentation significantly inhibited mold proliferation (No mold was detected except GL0108 group), while mycotoxins aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON) and Escherichia coli remained within safe limits. [Conclusion] Under the conditions of this experiment, Lactobacillus plantarum ZW0410 was identified as the optimal strain for AM fermentation. Using this lactic acid bacterium to ferment AM, the content of total flavonoids and crude polysaccharides could be significantly (P<0.05) improved, and the growth of mold could be inhibited.

Key words: Astragalus membranaceus, lactic acid bacteria, fermentation, active components

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