Ten alpha-amylase producing Bacillus strains were isolated from soil （four strains）, water （three strains） and flour （three strains） through isolation with starch plates, Gram＇s staining and spore staining. The ratio of hydrolysis zone diameter to colony diameter was 1.9-2.6. Liquid culture medium was used for fermentation to produce amylase. The activity of alpha-amylase was determined by colorimetry, and it was 4.8-5.7 g/mL in fermentation broth. The original strains producing high-activity alpha-amylase was selected and mutated by UV mutagenesis. Excellent strains were obtained, and their activity of alpha-amylase was up to 9.6-13.0 g/mL under suitable conditions, which was 69.9%-129.5% higher than that before selection.

[Objective] To develop multiplex PCR method for detection of classical swine fever, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, porcine circovirus type 2, Streptococcus suis, Haemophilus parasuis, swine Pasteurella multocida and swine Mycoplasma hyopneumonia. [Method] Seven pairs of specif/c primers were designed for two multiplex PCR based on the conservative nucleotide sequences published in GenBank. After optimizing reaction conditions, sensitivity and specificity of two multiplex PCR methods were evaluated, respectively. [Result] The genomic DNA of other common pathogens were not amplified by the two multiplex PCR methods, and the detection limit of the two multiplex PCR methods was at a picogram level of genomic DNA or cDNA. [Conclusion] The two multiplex PCR methods can be used for diagnosis of single infection or mixed infection of above seven pathogens.

Bisphenol A （BPA） is a widespread estrogenic chemical. In rodents, BPA are passed quickly from mother to fetus. In perinatal period, brain and the nervous system are very sensitive to alteration of environment. To investigate the effects of perinatal exposure to BPA on exploration, male mice were garaged with BPA at a dosage of 2 （Group Ⅰ ） and 200μg/（kg·bw） （Group Ⅱ ）, respectively. At 70 days old, the behaviors of male offspring were observed in a new cage. The results indicated that their exploration was enhanced. The male offspring borne by the male mice in the group II had stronger exploration significantly. The male offspring borne by the male mice in the group I also had higher exploration frequency than the control group, but the difference was not significant. Therefore, perinatal exposure to BPA in perinatal period can enhance the exploration of male offspring, and this effect may be in a dose- dependent manner.

Coenzyme Q10 is an important biologically active substance and widely present in organisms. It can enhance human immunity and antioxidant capacity and can also delay aging. At present, biosynthesis is a main preparation method and also future trend to produce coenzyme Q10 in industrial production. The eoenzyme Q10 has been applied in food, health products, cosmetics and other fields in addition to medicine field. The paper introduces progress in preparation and application of coenzyme Q10.

Among the studies of organ development, more and more attention has been paid to exocrine pancreas development.As an excellent research model of organ development, zebrafish and mammals have similar exocrine pancreas development. The deep study of the mechanism of zebrafish exocrine pancreas development, particularly the maintenance and regeneration of exocrine pancreas, is beneficial for the understanding and therapy of human pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. In this process, to make full use of all the advantages of zebrafish, especially to develop new transgenic fish, will give much progress. This paper reviews the recent research progress in exocrine pancreas development of zebrafish.

In course of silage fermentation, different kinds of Lactobacillus have different capability to produce lactic acid ancl also produce different baeteriostasis and aromatic material. In the past few years, some studies show that actie acid and other aromatic components are produced during the fermentation of silage with Lactobacillus. These components have great effects on quality of silage. Bacterioeine and other bacteriostasis material are also produced and they inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. The article reviews recent advance in metabolism of Lactobacillus and its effects on quality of silage.

Fifty weaned piglets （Duroc×Landrance × Yorkshire） were assigned randomly into control group and treated group. The effect of propolis on production performance （Diarrhea rate, average daily gain and feed conservation ratio） of weaned piglets was explored. The piglets in the control group were fed with the basal diet, while those in the treated group were fed with the basal diet supplemented with propolis. The trial period was 30 d. Compared to the control, the average daily gain of the weaned piglets in the treated group was increased by 19.28% （P 〈0.05）, but the diarrhea rate and feed conservation ratio were decreased by 21.74% （P 〈 0.01 ） and 15.34% （P 〈0.05 ）, respectively. Hence, supplementation of propolis to the weaning piglets＇ diet is beneficial for their growth performances and disease resistance.

Yeast strain A could utilize xylose but not produce alcohol, and they grew rapidly. The rice husk power treated with mildew was fermented with the yeast strain A broth. Saccharomyces cerevisiae preserved in the laboratory and Pachysolen tannophilus were used as control bacteria. The protein content in the final fermentation products of the yeast strain A was 23.79%, which was 299.2% higher than that in the original rice husk powder （5.96%）, 82.4% higher than that in the final fermentation products of Saccharomyces cerevisiae （13.04%）, and 13.8% higher than that in the final fermentation products ofPachysolen tannophilus（20.91%）.

Feed intake is one of the most important factors which affect the production performance of livestock. Many kinds of peptides regulating appetite can affect feed intake in animals. This paper concisely reviews the structural functions of neuropeptide Y and leptin and their regulatory effects on feeding behavior. And the interactions between them were summarized.

The occurrence and development of desertification of Hulunbeier sandy land have three characteristics, vulnerability, recoverability and reversibility. The effects of climatic changes on sandy land should be considered to strengthen the protection of eco- environment, to adopt effective measures of eco-eonstruction and thus to achieve fundamental improvement of eco-environment in sandy land. By analyzing the climatic characteristics of sandy grassland, countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to control the Hulunbeier sandy land. This Study may inspire and guide the public and the sand control departments to control the sand land in different areas and protect natural resources according to climatic characteristics of the sand land.

The aim of this study was to observe silage prosperities of cicer milkvetch and to determine fermentation quality and nutritional content of citer milkvetch silage. The fresh and wilted citer milkvetch during flowering stage were bagged for fermentation with formic acid （6 mL/kg） or sucrose （2%） for 360 d. The CK was also set up. After fermentation of citer milkvetch, wilting reduced the pH value and lactic acid content （P〈0.05） and decreased the ammonia nitrogen content significantly （P〈0.01）. Supplementation of formic acid or sucrose reduced the pH value and ammonia nitrogen content significantly （P〈0.01）, increased the lactic acid content （P 〈0.05） and reduced the acid content （P〈0.05）. Wilting or supplementation of acid or sucrose had no significant effect on nutrient content （NDF, ADF, Ash and EE）, dry matter recovery nitrate content and nitrite content of citer milkvetch silage. Supplementation of formic acid increased CP content significantly （P〈0.05）. The nitrate content decreased obviously after fermentation.

The branches of Caragana korshinskii harvested at rejuvenation were crushed into powder which can be used as coarse fodder of herbivores. The Caragana powder is very nutritious but hard. And it contains anti-nutritional factors like tannin. These characteristics lead to poor palatability, low intake and low utilization rate in herbivores. The effects of expansion process on contents of tannin, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract and crude ash in Caragana korshinskii harvested at different times. The tannin content decreased from 2.01%-2.96% to 0.18%-0.27%. The crude fiber content decreased from 33.96%-39.12% to 28.23%-33.95%. The nitrogen free extract content increased from 39.42%-42.91% to 45.33%-48.42%. All differenc, es were at a significant level. Therefore, the expansion process can improve nutrient value of Caragtma korshinskii greatly.

The population of Tamarix elongata Ledeb. in heavy saline soils in the middle reaches of Shule River was investigated and its community structure was also studied. Plants belonging to Tamariaceae are more suitable for heavy saline soils than those belonging to other species, and Tamarix elongata Ledeb. were dominant in heavy saline soil. The spacial pattern of Tamarix elongata Ledeb. was Poisson distribution in the heavy saline soil. The important values of dominant species in the heavy saline soil are listed as follows： Tamarix elongata Ledeb., 0.323; Alhagi sparsifolia Shap, 0.215; Phragmites australis （Car.） Trin. ex Steud., 0.037; Agriophyllum splendens Nevski, 0.029; Asparagus persicus Baker, 0.018; and Poacynum hendersonii Hook. F., 0.014. Dominant negative interspecific ecological association was found between Tamarix elongata Ledeb. and A lhagi sparsifolia Shap in heavy saline soil.

Microsatellites have such advantages as large quantity, wide distribution, rich polymorphisms and co-dominant inheritance. Microsatellite is the second-generation molecular markers following RAPD and RFLP. In recent years, microsatellites have been widely used in all areas of genetic breeding of livestock and poultry as a result of their unique advantages. The paper introduces progress in construction of livestock and poultry genetic linkage map, genetic diversity of population, genetic structure, and auxiliary selection of markers.

A total of 676 pigs including 62 Wei pigs, 64 Landrace pigs, 61 Duroc pigs, 60 British Large Yorkshire pigs, 65 Changwei pigs of the zero generation, 121 Changwei pigs of the first generation; and 243 Changwei pigs of the second generation were selected. Distribution of Hal gene genotypes was detected by PCR-RFLP. In the detected swine breeds, the frequency of dominate homozygote of Hal gene was 1.00, 0.71, 0.80, 0.62, 0.91, 0.88 and 0.82, respectively. The frequency of heterozygote was 0, 0.29, 0.20, 0.37, 0.09, 0.12 and 0.18, respectively. Although the allele frequency and genotype frequency of halothane sensitive gene were low in the Changwei pigs of the three generations, the allele frequency of Hal and the genotype frequency of HalN Haln showed a rising trend in the three generations. As a result, the marker-assisted selection should be adopted to reduce the gene frequency of Haln until it is eliminated entirely.

Allele frequency, number of effective alleles, heterozygosity and polymorphism information contents of Songliao black pigs were analyzed using three microsatellite markers, ESTMS20, SW2570 and S0002. The three microsatellites had genetic polymorphisms in Songliao black pigs. Therefore, they can be used to evaluate genetic polymorphism in Songliao black pigs.

Canine artificial fertilization is a progressive breeding technology. The paper reviews the present research of every stages of artificial fertilization including semen collection, quality evaluation, diluents selection, semen freezing and unfreezing, and insemination sites, so as to provide a reference for research about canine semen freezing, breeding and artificial insemination.

With the promotion of Tibet grassland science specialty projects, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College performed a series of reforms in teaching management of Tibet grassland science. Rigid and mechanical management was changed, and examination reform was advocated. Flexibility to offer selective courses was enhanced and the teaching initiative and learning initiative was also enhanced. The status of teaching management of Tibet grassland science in Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College as well as reform of exploration and practice was introduced.

To stimulate students＇ interest in zoology and to arouse their initiative and enthusiasm, it is necessary to reform the traditional models for practical teaching, strengthen construction of laboratories and experimental bases, construct perfect practical teaching systems, revise syllabus of experiment and practice and encourage students to design their own experimental planning. During the process of cultivating their experimental techniques, it is also necessary to cultivate their abilities to find, analyze and solve problems, to enhance their research capacity, and to improve effectiveness of practical teaching. The paper introduces reform effectiveness of practical teaching of zoology in Yangtze Normal University.

According to the features of Biostatistics course, the article briefly analyzes the necessity, advantages and shortages of applying multimedia technology in Biostatistics teaching. And how to reasonably apply multimedia technology was also explored in order to improve the efficacy of Biostatistics teaching.

It is difficult to learn the Veterinary Immunology, a basic course of veterinary profession which is closely related to practice. As a result, the teaching method should be reformed according to teaching requirements during teaching course in order to strengthen combination with other disciplines, especially veterinary clinical application. The original simple model of teaching should be abandoned. Formulation of well-knit teaching project, improvement of teaching method of experimental courses, full use of modern teaching tools, and reform of examination pattern should be reformed in order to enhance learning initiative of students, to make them obtain basic knowledge well and have practical abilities and to effectively improve the quality of teaching.

With reduction of teaching time and more requirements of specialized course from students, poultry science is facing curricular reformation. Good teaching achievements of the Poultry Science were introduced. On this basis, curricular reformation of the Poultry Science should be performed by strengthening construction of teacher resources, improving teaching methods, and reinforcing teaching practice, assessment criteria and construction of practice base in order to make use of teaching resources in and out class, to enhance learning initiative of students and to improve learning effect.

Teaching methods of microbiology were well studied, The practices showed that students＇ interests and enthusiasm can be stimulated effectively by using textbooks rationally, arranging teaching contents scientifically and reforming traditional teaching patterns in teaching course of theory courses and by teaching contents related to teachers＇ own scientific researches and development trend of microbiology. It is the key for improving teaching quality to arrange experimental contents rationally, improve all experimental details and pay attention to improvement of their experimental skills and ability.

Food-borne pathogen is one of the most primary factors affecting food safety. Traditional methods to detect food-borne pathogens are complex and time-consuming. For this reason, rapid, simple and specific detection methods have become a research hot spot. This paper introduces and analyses several molecular biological methods based on PCR and their applications in detecting foodborne pathogens.

The paper reviews novel methods proposed in recent years for rapid detection of E. coli. These methods include enzymatic method and its combination with multiple-tube fermentation technique, membrane filter technique, solid-phase cytometry and immunological methods, and they also include bio-molecular electronics techniques （sensors）. Their characteristics, sensitivity and rapidity were analyzed, and their drawbacks were also discussed. Finally, the possible applications of these methods were proposed.

Models and related influencing factors of waste resource recycling in large-scale pig farms were investigated in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that the waste produced by large-scale pig production becomes the primary pollution source of domestic stock and poultry. The key technology of waste resource recycling mainly included scientific location of pig farms, selection of resource recycling model in accordance with local conditions, full utilization of local ecosystem, and comprehensive treatment of waste as much as possible. These measures will save up energy resources, lead to biggish ecological benefit and protect environment, which are helpful for the construction process of new countryside in Jiangxi Province.

The model of 80：20 was adopted to raise Aphyocypris in three ponds for 118 d. The tail-weight was increased from 0.9 g of fry to 64 g of advanced fry. The advanced fries had a coefficient of bait of 1.5, survival rate of 95%, and output of 766 kg/667m2. The output of Aphyocypris and Hypophthalmichttys was 602 and 164 kg, respectively. The average income was 709 yuan/667m2.

The aim of this study was to develop a fast dot immunogold filtration assay （DIGFA） for detecting Edwardsiella tarda （Et）. Nitrocellulose membrane was used as solid phase carrier. Colloidal gold labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG was used for staining. The optimum working concentrations of Et serum and colloidal gold labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG were determined, and the reaction with apparent clear spots was positive. By the DIGFA method, positive reaction of Et was detected. No reaction ofAeromonas sobria, A. hydrophila, Vibrio fluvialis, V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum, Shewanella putrefaciens, Providencia alcalifaciens, Enterobacter sakazakii and Escherichia coli was found. Therefore, the developed DIGFA method is simple, specific, rapid and visualized, and it can be applied in grass-roots units.

Fish ethology is an ancient but young science and has great significance for evolution of animal behavior and development of fisheries production. With recent development of fishery production, to improve the old production technology, to explore application of new technology, control of fish behavior in marine agricultural-pastoralization and changes in fish behavior and control in water conservancy construction, agricultural irrigation and water pollution are closely related to the research about fish behavior. The feeding behavior, reproductive behavior and mi~rator＇~ behavior included in fish behavior were reviewed.

On the basis of results of the Key Agricultural Project of Zhejiang Province （Feed Intake Control Technology and its Application in Anti-heat Stress of Chicken Production）, technology of anti-heat stress was summarized and concluded from the technical aspects of environmental control, nutrition regulation as well as feeding and management in order to provide reference for production practice of chickens in summer in Zhejiaug Province.

For artificial rearing of silkworms, they are reared with feed which is prepared with suitable materials according to feeding habits and nutritional requirements to substitute mulberry. The paper introduces research, development, production practice and application prospects of the artificial feed of silkworms.

Nowadays, higher vocational education has taken a very important part in higher education in China, and social service has already become a very important index to evaluate the level of connotation construction in different higher vocational colleges. The Grain Engineering and Management Department of Jiangsu Vocational and Technical College of Finance ＆ Economics was taken as an example. The significant effects of the basic-level party construction on promoting soeial service ability of higher vocational college were discussed. And the breakthrough points to enhance the social service ability by means of basic-level party construction were also put forward.

Development of poultry industry in Yancheng City of Jiangsu Province was carefully analyzed from the viewpoints of . development situation, current problems, solutions, and industrial opportunities. Some advices were proposed to promote healthy development of poultry industry in Yancheng City and provide reference.

Complement fixation test is one of the most accurate serological techniques and has been , which is authenticated a final diagnosis for brucellosis by world organization for animal health （OIE）.The effect factors and attention matters in complement fixation test are fully analyzed and summarized in this text.

To investigate situation of toxoplasma infection in chickens in Zhangjiakou City, 345 sera of free-range chickens and 235 sera of cage rearing chickens were collected from the Baxia Region of Zhangjiakou City and then detected by indirect hemagglutination test （IHAT）. The results indicated that the positive rate of toxoplasma infection was 11.01% （38/345） in the free-range chickens and 2.13% （5/235） in the cage rearing chickens. The antibody-positive chickens with an antibody titer of 1：64 accounted for 74.42% （32/43）, and those with an antibody titer of 1：256 accounted for 25.58% （ 11/43 ）.

Goose paramyxovirus disease also known as goose paramyxovirus infection is caused by goose paramyxovirus type I, and it is a viral infectious disease characterized by the main clinical symptoms and pathological changes of digestive system and respiratory system. It has high morbidity and mortality and is a great threat to goose industry. The pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical symptoms, pathological changes and diagnosis of paramyxovirus disease were introduced. Taking Wanxi white geese as an example, drug sensitivity test was performed, and integrated prevention and control measures were proposed in order to provide reference for avoiding the occurrence of this disease and reducing mortality.

On the basis of the traditional theory of Chinese medicine, a Chinese herbal medicine pharmaceutical named ＂Compound Anti-dysenteric Oral Liquid＂ was developed to treat diarrhea in dairy calves. And it had the functions of anti-inflammation, anti- dysentericum, stopping bleeding and protecting gastrointestinal mucosa. The dairy calves suffering from diarrhea were treated for a course of 3 d. The effective rate and cure rate were respectively 70% and 60%, which were higher than those of the control group. Supplementation of flavor enhancers in the oral liquid avoided its poor palatability. Eighty percent of the dairy calves took the oral liquid actively, which avoided the disadvantages of gavage administration.

According to growth habits and practical cultivation experience of peony in Baoji City of Shaanxi Province, breed technology, field management and prevention of disease and insect pest were summarized.