北方农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 77-84.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2021.05.11

• 作物栽培·土壤肥料 • 上一篇    下一篇

羊粪堆肥提取液对温室番茄产量、品质和土壤养分含量的影响

杜金伟, 姜伟, 付崇毅, 白红梅, 薛国萍   

  1. 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 蔬菜花卉研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-13 发布日期:2022-01-06
  • 作者简介:杜金伟(1982—),女,副研究员,硕士,主要从事设施园艺栽培生理及设施土壤修复技术研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院青年创新基金项目(2017QNJJN08); 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院创新基金项目(2019CXJJN08); 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG345)

The effects of sheep dung composting extract on greenhouse tomato yield,quality,and soil nutrient content

DU Jinwei, JIANG Wei, FU Chongyi, BAI Hongmei, XUE Guoping   

  1. Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China
  • Received:2021-09-13 Published:2022-01-06

摘要: 【目的】 探索羊粪厌氧、好氧堆肥提取液对温室番茄产量、品质和土壤养分含量的影响。【方法】 在温室内,以番茄为供试作物,分别设不施肥(CK)、有机肥(F1)、羊粪厌氧堆肥提取液(F2)、羊粪好氧堆肥提取液(F3)、单施化肥(F4)5个处理,对番茄的植株性状、果实性状、产量、品质及土壤养分含量进行比较分析。【结果】 F2处理番茄的株高(173.60 cm)、茎粗(16.48 cm)、果实横径(78.02 mm)、果实纵径(57.68 mm)、平均单果重(0.20 kg)、产量(138 000 kg/hm2)和果实可溶性总糖含量(6.05%)、中心糖度含量(5.50%),较其他处理差异显著(P<0.05);土壤有机质含量(71.00 g/kg)、全氮含量(3.55 g/kg)、水解性氮含量(262.00 mg/kg)、有效磷含量(277.60 mg/kg)、速效钾含量(535.00 mg/kg)、水溶性总盐含量(0.70 g/kg),较其他处理差异显著(P<0.05)。F3处理番茄的叶幅(15.20 cm×8.50 cm)、株幅(50.00 cm×55.00 cm)、叶绿素相对含量(73.45%)及果实VC含量(每100 g鲜果含27.60 mg),较其他处理差异显著(P<0.05);土壤全钾含量(26.00 g/kg)、pH值(7.91),较其他处理差异显著(P<0.05)。F1处理番茄的总酸含量(4.80 g/kg)和可溶性固形物含量(7.50%)较其他处理差异显著(P<0.05),土壤全磷含量(1.66 g/kg)较其他处理差异显著(P<0.05)。【结论】 施用羊粪厌氧堆肥提取液和好氧堆肥提取液后,温室番茄生长较好,产量增加、品质得到改善,对温室中土壤养分的改良具有积极作用。

关键词: 羊粪堆肥提取液, 温室, 番茄, 产量, 品质, 土壤养分含量

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the effects of sheep dung anaerobic and aerobic composting extracts on tomato yield,quality and soil nutrient content in greenhouse. 【Methods】 To compare and analyze tomato plant traits,fruit traits,yield,quality and soil nutrient content in greenhouse,5 treatments were conducted,no fertilizer(CK),organic fertilizer(F1),sheep dung anaerobic composting extract(F2),sheep dung aerobic composting extract(F3),and single fertilizer(F4). 【Results】 Plant height(173.60 cm),stem diameter(16.48 cm),fruit transverse diameter(78.02 mm),fruit longitudinal diameter(57.68 mm),average single fruit weight(0.20 kg),yield(138 000 kg/hm2),fruit soluble total sugar content(6.05%),center sugar content(5.50%)in F2 treatment were significantly different from other treatments(P<0.05),and the soil organic matter content(71.00 g/kg),total nitrogen content(3.55 g/kg),hydrolyzable nitrogen content(262.00 mg/kg),available phosphorus content(277.60 mg/kg),available potassium content(535.00 mg/kg),the total amount of water-soluble salt(0.70 g/kg)were also significantly different from other treatments(P<0.05). Leaf width(15.20 cm×8.50 cm),plant width(50.00 cm×55.00 cm),relative chlorophyll content(73.45%)and fruit VC content(27.60 mg per 100 g fresh fruit)in F3 treatment were significantly different from other treatments(P<0.05),and the total potassium content of the soil(26.00 g/kg)and pH value(7.91)were also significantly different from other treatments(P<0.05). Compared with other treatments,the total acid content(4.80 g/kg)and soluble solid content(7.50%)of tomato in F1 treatment were significantly different(P<0.05),and the soil total phosphorus content(1.66 g/kg)was also significantly different from other treatments(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 After applying sheep dung anaerobic composting extract and aerobic composting extract,greenhouse tomatoes grew better,yield increased,and quality improved. The composts also had a positive effect on the improvement of soil nutrients in the greenhouse.

Key words: Sheep dung composting extract, Greenhouse, Tomato, Yield, Quality, Soil nutrient content

中图分类号: 

  • S642.2