The effect of chromosomes of Leymus racemosus on drought and salt tolerance in wheat was understood to provide a theoretical basis for further utilization of beneficial genes.The relative shoot length,salt injury index of 10 wheat Leymus racemosus addition lines,substitution lines and their wheat background Chinese Spring were measured at the stage of germination under 20%PEG6000 and different concentration of NaCl.The results showed that the drought tolerance and salt tolerance might be controlled by several chromosomes of Leymus racemosus.Positive effect of Chromosome F,J,L and N on drought tolerance were found,the affect in following order:N>J>F>L and chromosome E was the most sensitive to drought.5 chromosomes of E,F,I,in J and N could increase salt tolerance and chromosome I had greatest positive effect on salt tolerance under 250 mmol/L.The Leymus racemosus chromosome addition lines mentioned above would be used in wheat breeding for improving drought and salt tolerance.

In this study,genetic diversity of 22 phenotypic traits of 15 accessions of three ecotypes of medicago ruthenica collected in Inner Mongolia were analyzed by variance analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the variation of phenotypic traits was significant among the tested cultivars,with the largest leaf length and smallest inflorescence length,and the coefficient of variation was 9.67%～56.79%;the cumulative contribution rate of component factors of the first five main characters of 22 phenotypic traits was 89.614%,which reflected the main phenotypic characteristics of 15 species of medicago ruthenica.The plant height,pod length,pod width,leaf shape index,leaf width,floret number,inflorescence pod number and other traits were the main factors that caused the difference of phenotypic characteristics of medicago ruthenica;eucalyptus distance system clustering method was used to divide 15 accessions of medicago ruthenica species into 4 groups.This study revealed the phenotypic genetic diversity of medicago ruthenica,which could provide the basis for the identification,evaluation,conservation,utilization and breeding of medicago ruthenica.

In order to find out the effect of cotton planting density on fiber quality and yield and determine a reasonable density in the west of Inner Mongolia,it was studied for effects of eight density gradients(120 000,150 000,180 000,210 000,240 000,270 000,300 000,330 000 plants/hm2)of zhongmiansuo50,a early-maturing cotton variety,on cotton fiber quality and yield according through a three-year field experiment at AlashanZuoqi from 2012 to 2014.The results showed that in the cotton planting region of the west of Inner Mongolia;with the increase of planting density of early-maturing cotton,the change tendency of upper half mean length,breaking tenacity,uniformity index,reflectance degree,spinning uniform index were to firstly increase and lately reduce,the change tendency of micronaire and elongation were to drop,the change tendency of yellowness was to rise.But there was no significant difference in fiber quality between different density treatments;within the scope of a certain density,the cotton fiber quality increased with the increase of planting density,but fiber quality began to decline when the density was more than 300 000 plants/hm2;with the increase of planting density,the change tendency of the yield of seed cotton and ginned lint were to firstly increase and lately reduce.The yield of seed cotton and ginned lint were significantly higher than those of other density treatments when the planting density was 240 000~300 000 plants/hm2,and high yield and high quality fiber were achieved the harmonious and unified.The results of this study can provide technical support for the production of high quality cotton in arid area.

The correlation between six agronomic traits(plant height,stem number,industrial length of fiber,primary branches number of main stem,capsule number per plant,grain number of each capsule)and plant yield were analyzed in this paper.The contents were measured for the soluble sugar,linolenic acid and oil of seeds of foreign flax varieties(FR-46 and FR-48)and domestic flax varieties(Neiya7).The results showed that agronomic traits of three varieties were relatively stable and plant yield had significant positive correlation with capsule number per plant of each variety.Soluble sugar content of after-ripening of seeds decreased,but linolenic acid content and fat content increased.The linolenic acid content of FR-48 was higher than FR-46 and Neiya7 significantly.

Ten DNA regions were sequenced for gene sequencing study on Handeliodendron bodinieri.These ten DNA regions were chloroplast DNA included rpl32-trnL,trnH-psbA,trnL-F,trnS-G,trnT-L,matK,trnH-trnK and rps16,nrDNA ITS(nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer)included ITS1-4 and ITS5f-2r.By sequence alignment,it showed 10 fragments of 96 individual gene sequences were almost identical.Genetic distance ranged from 0.000~0.001.Horse Aesculus chinensis Bunge was selected as outside groups,96 individuals on the same branch,little bits of information.So,the genetic sequencing method was difficult to apply by using the method of cpDNA and nrITS gene sequencing to divide the Handeliodendron bodinieri clusters.

CRISPR/Cas9 is a rapidly developing genome editing technology that has been successfully applied in many organisms.Cas9,a RNA-guided DNA endonuclease,can be targeted to specific genomic sequences by engineering a separately encoded guide RNA with which it forms a complex.It can be employed to achieve precise gene modifications by gene mutations,insertions,replacements or chromosome rearrangements.CRISPR/Cas9 is a relatively cheaper and easier to implement technology that has proven to be extremely versatile.Remarkably,in some plant species,homozygous knockout mutants can be produced in a single generation.The mechanism of action,technical route,research examples of CRISPR/Cas9 were illustrated in this paper,and it will provide reference for researching in agricultural field.

Legumes,which belonged to Papilionoideae in Leguminosae plant,is human healthy food resource in 21th century.It will be important legume crop in the future restructuring agriculture.Therefore,the classification,origin,germplasm preservation,domestic distribution and special function we reviewed in this paper,which will provide important reference for research,cultivation and utilization of legumes.

In this paper,research on abundance-deficiency index(ADI)of soil N for maize(SNFM)and appropriate nitrogen fertilizer application rate(ANFAR)conducted in China since the 1980 s were systematically summarized.The results showed that the ADI of soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen for maize(SAHNFM)in China had not changed significantly in 30 years.There were considerable differences in their ADI of SNFM in different regions,and the ADI of SAHNFM for 90%relative yield(RY)of the complete nutrients treatment except nitrogen(TCNTEN)ranged between 99~385 mg/kg.Researches on ADI of SNFM in China had many blank regions.Soil N deficiency for corn in China were common,and the abundance-deficiency levels of SNFC focused on the comparatively low level 4 and 5,and the RY of TCNTEN were most of between 60%～80%.The ADI of SAHNFC in the same natural region could be integrated by theoretical data.For research on ADI of soil nutrient,the number of trial sites should not be too little,and the soil nutrient contents of trial sites should not be too centralized,and one extrapolating data for the high-end and low-end of ADI can be used,but should be noted.The ANFAR for different abundance-deficiency levels of SNFM could be determined with methods of nutrient balance and dissimilar subtraction of soil fertility.ANFAR and the abundance-deficiency level of SNFM are linear negative correlation.ANFAR and the yield goal are linear positive correlation.ANFAR and the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in current season(NFUEICS)are linear negative correlation.When the NFUEICS of 40%and the target yield of 10.5 t/hm2,the ANFAR for the SNFM abundance-deficiency level 1～7 from high to low are 0,60,121,181,242,302 and 362 kg/hm2,respectively.

Through field experiment,the influence of a wet year and dry year on the economic yield of dryland flax was discussed under four kinds of nitrogen and phosphorus treatment,to provide certain theoretical basis for reasonable cultivation flax to increase production.The results showed that under wet year and dry year,dry matter accumulation and grain yield of flax had significant differences between different treatment,including low nitrogen and low phosphorus treatment(N60P60)with the greatest value.Compared with the control,the yield increased by 23.3%in wet year and 10.4%in dry year,respectively.Four treatment increased the contribution rate of fertilizer,but the contribution rate of fertilizer had a significant difference between different treatment.Low nitrogen and low phosphorus(N60P60)had the biggest difference,18.9%in wet year and 9.4%in dry years,respectively.

Soil carbon pool as the biggest carbon pools in the terrestrial ecosystem has played an important role in the carbon dynamic.Compared with many researches on the soil organic carbon,the research about the soil inorganic carbon are limited.The properties,changes and significance on global climate problem of soil inorganic carbon were discussed in the article to give a reference for the research about soil and climate in the future and stabilize the important role of soil inorganic carbon in the global carbon cycle.

Hanggin Rear Banner is the important grain production base in Inner Mongolia Hetao Plain,which is probably account for half of arable land,the situation of the soil composition,the present situation of saline alkali land and the achievements of saline alkali land improvement methods in Hanggin Rear Banner were briefly introduced in this paper.According to the actual situation of saline alkali land in Hanggin Rear Banner,the improvement measures were put forward and the existing problems and difficulties in the process of improving the saline alkali land and some reasonable suggestions on how to promote the management of saline alkali land were pointed out.

Used field crops to the measured data between 2012 and 2015,compared with traditional cropping pattern,with analysis of the Inner Mongolia food crops and forage crops film with drip irrigation to increase production efficiency and large sprinkler irrigation.Research shows that after implementing membrane under drip irrigation,soybean,corn,potato yield increased by 10.91%～69.29%respectively,water productivity were increased by 27.68%～157.83%.After the implementation of large-scale irrigation,corn,alfalfa,feed corn silage maize yield increased by 8.24%～10.3%respectively,and the water productivity increased by 8.13%～41.15%.Overall,after implementation of water saving irrigation project,main food with crop and forage crop in Inner Mongolia has great increase production efficiency.

In order to reveal the inhibitory effect of Bacllus atrophaeus SF1 on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lini,the effect of SF1 on the spore germination of pathogenic bacteria,the morphological changes of pathogens and the in vitro antibacterial rate of SF1 in different areas were studied.The results showed that Bacillus atrophaeus SF1 had inhibitory effect on the spores of Fusarium oxysporum fusarium graminearum,the spore germination rate was about 50%,the growth of SF1 hyphae had different inhibitory effect on different pathogens.The rate of bacteria was 56%.Bacillus atrophaeus SF1 has a significant inhibitory effect on the fungus of Fusarium oxysporum,which provide strain for the future development of flax fungus biocontrol agents.

To master the test pasture grass community structure and Solanum rostratum hazard happens and clear Clear two herbicides to Solanum rostratum control effect and influence on other grass pastures,the test was carried out in 2016.Through the experimental investigation and statistical analysis,the preventing effect were all more than 98%for each plant of two kinds of herbicide,and fresh weight were 99.4%at 30 days after treatment;no phytotoxicity to gramineous forage security and broadleaf grass show different phytotoxicity reaction,provide scientific basis for applying herbicides to control Solanum rostratum in pasture.

In order to rational use of Chlorimuron-ethyl and avoid the impact on the following crops,water culture was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations Chlorimuron-ethyl(50.000 0,25.000 0,12.500 0,6.250 0,3.125 0 g/L)on cabbage root length,bud length,Chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde content and soluble sugar content.The results showed that the tolerance of Chinese cabbage to chorimuron-ethyl was different.The bud was more tolerant to Chorimuron than root.When the inhibition rate of chlorimuron-ethyl on bud length and root length was 10%,the concentrations of Chlorimuron-ethyl(LC10)was 4.675 4μg/mL and 1.563 3μg/mL,respectively.The Chorimuron-ethyl had differet impact on the contents of Chlorophyll,soluble sugar and MDA in Chinese cabbage.With concentration increasing,the chlorophyll content showed a decreasing tendency at the same time,the contents of MDA and soluble sugar showed an increasing tendency.Thus,when Chorimuron-ethyl is used to control weeds in the field,the best method and proper dose must be chosen.

The rise of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is one of the main reasons for the greenhouse effect.The methods of carbon dioxide fixation were mainly studied in this paper,and put forward some methods and suggestions to strengthen carbon sequestration.The domestic and foreign carbon fixation methods mainly include artificial and natural carbon fixation.And the artificial carbon fixation includes physical carbon fixation method,chemical method and biological method.The artificial carbon sequestration method affects the balance of the ecosystem.The natural carbon sequestration includes forest ecosystem carbon sequestration,grassland ecology carbon sequestration and carbon sequestration in agricultural system.Natural carbon sequestration is a safe and effective carbon sequestration measure,but there are unreasonable land use and management.The agricultural carbon sequestration is the most practical and universal,and is most closely related to humans.It has the advantages of environmental protection and safety.The scope of agricultural production in our country is large,and the total amount of products is much.It impacts on the development of carbon sequestration deeply.However,the approaches improving the agricultural carbon sequestration efficiency also need to research.

Using satellite remote sensing data to calculate NDVI value of Ulanqab,recent ten years spatiotemporal characteristics of vegetation index were researched.The results showed that in recent ten years,the vegetation index of Ulanqab overall increased,but there were difference in spatial distribution.NDVI value change of month showed unimodal type,and the peak was in August and the trough was in January.Interannual variability of vegetation index characteristics was consistent with the variation trend of precipitation and annual rainfall was the main factor of the vegetation coverage inter annual fluctuation in the study area;spatial distribution of vegetation index was roughly divided into three major areas:low area(NDVI in 0~0.2),the median area(NDVI in 0.2~0.4);and the high area(NDVI>0.4),low areas are mainly distributed in the north desert grassland and this area are rainfall,frequent meteorological disasters;the median areas distribution are in the population intensive activities citis and surrounding areas;the high areas are mainly distributed in forestry and pastoral areas and this areas are abundant rainfall,and have enough temperature and light.

Vegetation fraction and its changes become an important instruction of regional environmental changes.The results showed that the ten day average temperature closes to normal yearn or slightly higher and uneven distribution of precipitation on time and space in growing season of 2016 in Tongliao City.It was concomitant between the high temperature drought and the short-time strong rainfall,the precipitation concentration period in May and June and drought in July and August,causing of moderate or heavy drought in county of Zhalute,Naiman and Kulun from July to August.Because of higher temperature and uneven distribution precipitation,vegetation turned green earlier than the past year,then retarded growth anaphase.Vegetation index was higher than past year at the beginning of August.

The aim was to research the rapid propagation of phalaenopsis amabilis,especially the optimum formula of culture medium and culture procedure at each phase were researched by taking peduncles after flowering period as explants.The results showed that:the optimum medium for inducing the peduncles of phalaenopsis amabilis was 1/2MS+6-BA2.5 mL+NAA0.5 mL;the optimum medium for proliferation coefficient of phalaenopsis amabilis was MS+6-BA5.0 mL+NAA0.5 mL;the optimum medium for rooting of phalaenopsis amabilis was 1/2MS contained 10%banana puree.After training,the cultured plantlets was transplanted in wet algae and keep the humidity above 85%.

The purpose of this test is to research and develop slag utilization technology,and the slag,peat,sheep droppings of available p and organic matter,total porosity,bulk density,pH value,aeration porosity,pore water physical and chemical properties,such as slag,peat,sheep dung,different ratio of matrix with the substrate were analyzed.Every 300 mL the substrate to add 4 g rich compound fertilizer,nursery substrates of Mengfei company as control,the cucumber seedling test was carried on.The results are as follows:Matrix S5(furnace∶sheep∶grass=1∶1∶1)and S6(furnace:sheep:grass=1∶1.5∶1)were best,especially the S6 can not only effectively improve the quality of cucumber seedling,cultivating strong seedling,still can reduce the dosage of lime,cucumber hole tray seedling to replace peat,seedling to reduce costs,improve the economic benefits of cucumber hole tray seedling.

In order to further expand the depth and breadth of the investigation of agricultural remote sensing resources,Hulunbuir City and Xing'an League of Inner Mongolia as an example were taken to study the method of“3S”technique to map the spatial distribution of main crops.The steps of using the LandSat8 satellite remote sensing image to extract the crop information were introduced and the drawing results were evaluated accurately in the paper,which provides effective data for the layout of agricultural resources in Hulunbuir City and Xing’an League.

Radar remote sensing can overcome the complex terrain and weather conditions,not only during severe weather conditions,but also can play a role in day and night,with a strong ability to work round-the-clock,all-weather.This feature is better than visible light and infrared detection system.In Great Khingan Mountains with cloudy summers,the optical image is difficult to obtain,affecting farming recognition in remote sensing.Selected parts of the Great Khingan Mountains west of the study area and single-polarization and multi-temporal Sentienl-1A for the data source,using maximum likelihood methods and CART decision trees,crop types were extracted to study and analyze its results.Data by classification,the results as follows:CART decision tree in crop identification classification method can provide a high classification accuracy;crop identification accuracy was 80.257%and Kappa coefficient was 0.733.Optical imaging can be a good secondary radar images which are used to distinguish non-arable land information.SAR data had good identify effect to the Great Khingan Mountains west of spring-wheat.

In the area of major technological innovation in chemical remediation of contaminated soils,intellectual property rights,especially patents,should be deployed in all inventions.The trend of the patent application from the statistical analysis of the number of patent applications and the distribution of the applicants in China and around the world were analyzed in this paper.The technical direction and technical means of electro-chemical repair and other general devices and components of the invention of several major research direction were focused on,and its cutting-edge technology also researched.

Yam industry is the collection economic,ecological and social benefits in one of the agricultural characteristic industry.Yam present situation development and existing problems were investigated and studied in this article,and the yam industry development advantages,weaknesses,opportunities,threats were analyzed using the SWOT analysis method,and some countermeasures and suggestions for the sustainable development of promoting the yam production were put forward.

Based on the data of cabbage,cucumber,tomato,pepper and green beans for nearly ten year,the statistical analysis method was used to analyze the trend of vegetable price and its fluctuation in China.The results indicated that the overall price of vegetables showed a rising trend,and has obvious seasonal fluctuations.Prices of cucumber,tomato,pepper and green beans are low in summer and high in winter,while cucumber is the opposite.5 kinds of vegetable prices have gone up or down,and the growth rate is roughly evenly distributed in the positive and negative interval.Finally,in order to stabilize the market price of vegetables,the relevant policy recommendations were put forward.The results of the study can provide an important reference for government management and related departments.

The Qin and Han dynasties is a key period for the formation and development of a unified multi-ethnic country.The ancient Inner Mongolia region is under the jurisdiction of the Qin and Han dynasties,and was first incorporated under the unified zhongyuan dynasty.The Qin and Han dynasties focused on agricultural development,developed agricultural and animal husbandry of the north new district,and developed the economic and cultural exchanges with the mainland.The special historical and geographical location,national structure and economic structure make the Inner Mongolia region of the Qin and Han dynasties become a variety of modes of economic and culture blend and the most dynamic region.