噬菌体裂解酶在防治猪链球菌感染中的应用研究进展

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2026.01.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 猪链球菌是一种重要的人畜共患病病原体,可引起猪脑膜炎、败血症及突发性死亡,造成重大经济损失,同时也可通过接触传播感染人类,引发致命性疾病。近年来,抗生素滥用导致多重耐药菌株广泛出现,传统抗生素疗效显著下降。噬菌体裂解酶作为噬菌体编码的细胞壁水解酶,能够特异性裂解细菌细胞壁,具有高效杀菌、不易诱导耐药性及对微生物群落干扰小等优点,是替代抗生素的潜在候选物质。系统综述噬菌体裂解酶的基本特性、作用机制、克隆表达与生产工艺,阐述猪链球菌的病原学特征及现有防治手段的局限性,总结针对猪链球菌的噬菌体裂解酶在体外抗菌活性、体内动物试验中的研究进展,讨论其在实际应用过程中面临的递送、免疫原性、生产和监管方面的潜在挑战与对策,并对其未来工程化改造、联合疗法研发及临床转化等研究方向进行展望,以期为应对猪链球菌感染及其抗生素耐药性挑战提供新的解决方案。

关键词: 猪链球菌, 噬菌体裂解酶, 耐药性, 替抗, 应用进展

Abstract: Streptococcus suis is a critical zoonotic pathogen capable of causing meningitis, septicemia, and sudden death in pigs, resulting in substantial economic losses. Furthermore, it can be transmitted to humans through contact, leading to fatal diseases. In recent years, the misuse of antibiotics has led to the widespread emergence of multi-drug resistant strains, significantly diminishing the efficacy of traditional antimicrobial therapies. Phage endolysins, as cell wall hydrolases encoded by bacteriophages, can specifically degrade the bacterial cell wall and exhibit advantages such as high bactericidal efficiency, low propensity to induce resistance, and minimal disruption to microbial communities, making them promising candidates as antibiotic alternatives. This review systematically summarizes the fundamental characteristics, mechanisms of action, cloning and expression, and production processes of phage endolysins, describes the pathogenic characteristics and the limitations of current prevention and control measures of S. suis, summarizes the research progress on phage endolysins against S. suis in terms of the in vitro antibacterial activity and in vivo animal studies, discusses potential challenges and corresponding strategies in practical applications related to delivery, immunogenicity, production and regulation, and outlines future research directions, including engineering modification, development of combination therapies, and clinical translation, with the aim of providing novel solutions to address S. suis infections and antibiotic resistance challenges.

Key words: Streptococcus suis, phage endolysins, antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic alternatives, application progress

中图分类号:

S858.282.611

王宁, 王倩倩, 赵翠, 朱凤珠, 伊惠, 王丹, 郭树源. 噬菌体裂解酶在防治猪链球菌感染中的应用研究进展[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2026, 47(1): 98-107.

WANG Ning, WANG Qianqian, ZHAO Cui, ZHU Fengzhu, YI Hui, WANG Dan, GUO Shuyuan. Research Progress on the Application of Phage Endolysins in the Prevention and Control of Streptococcus suis Infections[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2026, 47(1): 98-107.

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