北方农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 60-64.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2021.01.09

• 土壤肥料·农业生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

追施尿素对高粱干物质积累及产量的影响

徐庆全, 崔凤娟   

  1. 通辽市农业科学研究院,内蒙古 通辽 028015
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-09 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2021-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 崔凤娟(1982—),女,副研究员,硕士,主要从事高粱遗传育种及栽培技术的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:徐庆全(1982—),男,副研究员,硕士,主要从事高粱遗传育种及栽培技术的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    农业农村部现代农业谷子高粱产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-06-13.5-B14)

Effects of topdressing urea on dry matter accumulation and yield of sorghum

XU Qingquan, CUI Fengjuan   

  1. Tongliao Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tongliao 028015,China
  • Received:2020-10-09 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-03-23

摘要: 【目的】 明确追施尿素对高粱干物质积累及产量的影响。【方法】 以通早2号和通杂139为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,试验设3个梯度水平:0(N0)、112.5 kg/hm2(N1)、225.0 kg/hm2(N2),分析追施不同用量尿素下高粱干物质积累量、各器官干物质占比、开花后源生产能力转化率及产量。【结果】 高粱追施尿素比不追施尿素的生育期均延长。施尿素量为225.0 kg/hm2时,通早2号干物质积累量最大,至成熟期干物质积累量达19 141.78 kg/hm2,穗部干物质占比为成熟期最大(56.96%);开花后源生产能力转化率最高(85.32%);籽粒产量达5 101.48 kg/hm2。施尿素量为112.5 kg/hm2时,通杂139干物质积累量最大,至成熟期干物质积累量达23 369.33 kg/hm2,穗部干物质占比为成熟期最大(55.61%);开花后源生产能力转化率最高(89.87%);籽粒产量达7 788.21 kg/hm2。【结论】 通早2号追施尿素量为225.0 kg/hm2、通杂139追施尿素量为112.5 kg/hm2时,可有效增加高粱干物质积累量、提升开花后源生产能力转化率、提高产量。

关键词: 高粱, 尿素, 干物质积累量, 源库关系, 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the effect of topdressing urea on dry matter accumulation and yield of sorghum. 【Methods】 Tongzao No.2 and Tongza 139 as the experimental materials,with randomized block design and three gradients:0(N0),112.5 kg/hm2(N1) and 225.0 kg/hm2(N2) to analyze the effects of topdressing urea by different dosage on dry matter accumulation,proportion of dry matter in each organ,conversion rate of source production capacity after flowering,and yield of sorghum.【Results】 The growth period of sorghum treated with topdressing urea was longer than that without topdressing urea. When 225.0 kg/hm2 urea using,the dry matter accumulation of Tongzao No.2 reached highest,dry matter accumulation reached 19 141.78 kg/hm2 until the maturity stage,dry matter ratio of ear was the highest(56.96%) at the maturity stage,and conversion rate of source production capacity after flowering was the highest(85.32%),and grain yield reached 5 101.48 kg/hm2. When 112.5 kg/hm2 urea using,the dry matter accumulation of Tongza 139 reached highest,dry matter accumulation reached 23 369.33 kg/hm2 until the maturity stage,dry matter ratio of ear was the highest(55.61%) at the maturity stage,and conversion rate of source production capacity after flowering was the highest(89.87%),and grain yield reached 7 788.21 kg/hm2.【Conclusion】 When topdressing urea amounts of 225.0 kg/hm2 for Tongzao No.2 and 112.5 kg/hm2 for Tongza 139,which could effectively increased the dry matter accumulation of sorghum and improved the conversion rate of source production capacity after flowering and increased the yield.

Key words: Sorghum, Urea, Dry matter accumulation, Source-sink relationship, Yield

中图分类号: 

  • S514