北方农业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 47-51.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1197.2019.04.08

• 作物栽培·土壤肥料·节水灌溉 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机肥替代化肥对马铃薯-小麦轮作体系产量及钾肥利用率的影响

秦永林1, 石晓华1,2, 贾立国1, 康文钦3, 樊明寿1   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学 农学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019;
    2.内蒙古自治区马铃薯繁育中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019;
    3.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-12 出版日期:2019-08-20 发布日期:2019-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 樊明寿(1965—),男,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要从事植物营养的教学与研究工作。
  • 作者简介:秦永林(1985—),男,实验师,博士,主要从事马铃薯营养生理与栽培技术的研究工作。石晓华(1986—),男,助理研究员,博士,主要从事马铃薯营养生理与栽培技术的研究工作。秦永林和石晓华为同等贡献作者。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古科技创新引导项目(KCBJ2018010); 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200407); 内蒙古自治区科技成果转化项目(CGZH2018172)

Influence of organic fertilizer substituting chemical fertilizer on the yield and potassium use efficiency of potato-wheat rotation system

QIN Yonglin1, SHI Xiaohua1,2, JIA Liguo1, KANG Wenqin3, FAN Mingshou1   

  1. 1.College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China;
    2.Inner Mongolia Potato Breeding Center,Hohhot 010019,China;
    3.Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China
  • Received:2019-07-12 Online:2019-08-20 Published:2019-12-10

摘要: 研究有机肥替代化肥对马铃薯-小麦轮作体系中作物产量、钾积累量以及钾肥利用率和后效的影响,旨在为有机肥替代化肥施肥模式下钾素管理提供理论依据。文章通过在阴山北麓地区开展不同水平有机肥替代化肥处理的田间试验,研究了马铃薯-小麦轮作体系中产量效应、钾肥吸收以及钾肥利用率对不同有机肥替代化肥处理的响应。结果显示:马铃薯块茎产量和小麦籽粒产量均随着有机肥替代量的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,以有机肥替代化肥处理2(T2)的产量最高,比纯化肥处理(T0)增产达到显著(P<0.05);钾积累量规律相似,在马铃薯和小麦种植季有机肥替代化肥处理2(T2)钾积累量显著高于纯化肥处理(T0)和其他有机肥替代化肥处理(P<0.05),说明适量的有机肥替代量具有增产和增加钾积累量的作用。马铃薯种植季钾肥利用率为7.2%~38.2%,钾肥偏生产力为28.7%~297.9%;小麦种植季钾肥利用率为26.2%~50.9%,钾肥偏生产力为4.0%~26.7%。在马铃薯-小麦轮作体系中,推荐有机肥钾替代化肥钾比例不超过60%,有机肥钾替代化肥钾比例在30%~60%时对马铃薯、小麦增产效果好。

关键词: 马铃薯, 小麦, 有机肥, 钾肥利用率

Abstract: The effects of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on crop yield,potassium accumulation,utilization rate and aftereffect of potassium fertilizer in potato-wheat rotation system were studied,which could provide a theoretical basis for potassium management under the mode of organic fertilizer replacement fertilizer application.In this study,the field experiments of different levels of organic fertilizer substitution treatment in the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain were carried out to study the response of yield effect,potassium absorption and potassium fertilizer utilization efficiency to different organic fertilizer substitution treatments in potato-wheat rotation system.The results showed that potato tuber yield and wheat grain yield increased at first and then decreased with the increase of organic fertilizer substitution.The yield of organic fertilizer replacement treatment 2 (T2) was the highest,which was significantly higher than that of pure chemical fertilizer treatment (T0).The accumulation of potassium in organic fertilizer substitution treatment 2 (T2) was significantly higher than that in pure chemical fertilizer treatment (T0) and other organic fertilizer substitution treatments in potato and wheat planting season,which indicated that proper amount of organic fertilizer substitution had the effect of increasing the yield and potassium accumulation.In potato planting season,the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer was 7.2%-38.2%;the partial productivity of potassium fertilizer was 28.7%-297.9%;the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer was 26.2%-50.9%,and the partial productivity of potassium fertilizer was 4.0%-26.7% in wheat planting season.In potato-wheat rotation system,the proportion of organic fertilizer potassium instead of fertilizer potassium should not exceed 60%.When the ratio of organic fertilizer potassium to fertilizer potassium was 30%-60%,the effect of wheat yield increase was optimal.

Key words: Potato, Wheat, Organic fertilizer, Potassium use efficiency

中图分类号: 

  • S532