Comprehensive analysis of 21 groups of maize hybrids by using principal component analysis, compared with CK,we selected 9 superior hybrid combinations, the result of selected 9 superior hybrid combinations as follows： S1-18, S1-4,S1-6, S1-12, S1-13, S1-14, S1-8, S1-19, S1-20 whose period of duration was 106 days and consisted with CK. The photosynthetic characteristics of Pn, Gs, Ci, Tr than CK respectively increased by 13.92%, 16.67%, 8.86%, 0.92%.Hundred grain weight, kernels per spike, rate of seed and yield respectively than CK increased by 5.56%, 0.71%, 0.20%,9.76%, especially S1-8 and S1-12 among those hybrid combinations had good comprehensive characters, such as period of duration, plant height, ear hight, number of leaves up ear, water content of grain and bract at harvest. Stem internodes puncture strength and breaking strength and number of bracts were consistent with CK, but yield and photosynthetic characteristics were superior to CK, so this two combinations had the available value in breeding.

To study the flowering and podding habit of different kidney beans varieties, ninety thousand plants/hm~2, one hundred and fifty thousand plants/ hm~2 and two hundred and ten thousand plants/hm~2 three planting density were set with England red and Pinyun 2 kidney beans. The result showed that： two species of flowering order was center → bottom →top, and the pod rate was between 23.8% and 43.3%;two varieties on the pod number per plant and seed weight per plant were presented down trend, while production was rising trend with the increase of planting density;as the development of growth period, two varieties of different processing on the grain fresh weight were first rise then falling, and the grain dry weight were rising trend.Seed dry weight reached maximum at mature period.

In this study, 59 confectionary sunflower varieties（lines） as the test materials, planting in a saline-alkali land in Longsheng town, Dengkou county, Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia, the experiment land belongs to typical saline alkali soil in Hetao irrigation area. The growth period of record, determination of the agronomic traits, the yield per unit area and the determination of quality traits of grain harvest were measured.Using factor analysis and cluster analysis of 59 confectionary sunflower varieties with SPASS19.0 analysis software,comprehensive evaluation of salt and alkali resistance was done. The results showed that the difference salt resistance ability of different confectionary sunflower varieties were larger; the saline resistance of 59 confectionary sunflower were divided into 3 groups by clustering analysis. The varieties whose saline resistance were strongest were 30.5%,those whose saline resistance were stronger were 42.4% and those whose saline resistance were weakest were27.1%.Then factor analysis showed that the strongest salinity tolerance varieties were 14CF56 and 14CF57 and the weakest salinity tolerance varieties were 14CF44 and 14CF51.

Adopting the full implementation plan ＂3414＂,research in the impacts that the single, double and three factors of N,P,K and interaction on the development progress and agronomic characters were done.Under these experimental conditions,N_2P_2K_2, N_1P_2K_1 and N_1P_2K_2 made buckwheat ripe earlier so that the threat of frost damage was decreased. And reproductive growth will be 1~2 days in advance. Both single fertilizer and cooperation of N, P, K fertilizer can achieve the effects of increasing plant height, stem diameter, number of effective branches, number of main stem section and internode length within certain amounts. However, excessive fertilizer will inhibit these agronomic characters.

In this paper, with millet ＂Datong 34＂ as the material, the effects of different fertilization ratio on yield,economic characters of millet and the soil nutrient were obtained through the ＂3414＂ test. In the current millet production, phosphorus was the main factor restricting the production in local soil. we must apply enough pure phosphorus of 8~12 kg/667m~2. After successive years of application, nitrogen in the soil had reached a certain ability to supply, so it was enough to fertilizer pure nitrogen needed for the production, pure nitrogen of 5~10 kg/667m~2 should be applied. More fertilizer will cause too strong vegetative growth to reduce production. The content of available potassium in sandy loam soil was still low, and it should be applied to pure potassium of 2 kg/667m~2.

To explore the influence of different fertilization measur es on soil temperature change, the 10 cm soil layer soil temperature was continuous monitored in the treatments of NPKM, NPK, M and CK of a long-term fertilization experiment.The results showed that the 10 cm daily variation of soil temperature was sine curve and the soil temperature under different fertilization conditions reached maximum at 15：00—17：00, lowest 7：00—9：00. Compared with the control, the average temperature and accumulated temperature in different fertilization treatments were lower and the differences among them were biggest in the tuber growth period. The average temperature in NPKM, NPK and M were lower than CK respectively by 1.7℃, 1.3 ℃ and 1.1 ℃. The accumulated temperature in NPKM, NPK and M were lower than CK respectively by 86.0 ℃,83.0 ℃ and 68.0 ℃.

The relative soil moisture data observed by automatic soil moisture observation instrument of GStarDZN2 type were compared with the meteorological observation data and the drought conditions were objective analysis from 2012 to 2015 on Ewenki grassland. The results showed soil moisture from 0 to 30 cm in late June to mid July had a greater impact on the growth of natural grassland and the minimum relative soil moisture had a significant correlation with herbage yield. The average minimum relative soil moisture increase（decrease） by 1 percent,the herbage yield increase（decrease）by 10.4 g/m2.Automatic soil moisture observation instrument of GStarDZN2 type could express the drought conditions more accurately.

In order to further clear the effects of different ferti lizer products on maize planting,the experient arranged seven kinds of fertilizer products treatments that selected from the dealers of Linhe area.By studying the effects of the different fertilizer products on the yield and efficiency of maize to provide scientific theoretical basis for local maize planting.The results showed that except treatment 1 other fertilizer products treatments for maize yield had an increasing effects and the yield of treatment 5 was the best treatment that was higher 8.28% than CK;in terms of economic benefit,except treatment 1 other fertilizer products treatments were higher than CK,especially treatment 5 and 4 were more 18.70% and 11.70% than CK.

In order to definite the suitable planting density and fertilizer of Jerusalem artichoke in saline and alkaline area of Inner Mongolia, an experiment was conducted with three factors design to study the main yield of Jerusalem artichoke ：density, base fertilizer, topdressing. The results calculated by analysis of variance（ANOVA） showed that the main effects of practices on rape yields were density topdressing density and base fertilizer and topdressing base fertilizer and topdressingdensity and topdressingbase fertilizerdensity and base fertilizer. The main yield is maximal（61 377kg/hm~2）when cultivating density was 27 795 plants/hm~2,base fertilizer and topdressing amounts were 600 kg/hm~2 and 300 kg/hm~2.This research will provide scientific reference for the Jerusalem artichoke in the future.

Altica deserticola Weise is one of the important defoliator which distributed over the west area of Inner Mongolian.The effect of host plants on the larval development stage, adult mortality and the fecundity of A. deserticola were studied at laboratory. The results showed that the beetle fed on Salix matsudana had a shorter larval development stage, bigger body,but the fecundity was lower. The beetle fed on S. psammophila had a lower adult mortality, higher fecundity, a little longer larval development stage. The beetle fed on Populus simonii had a lower adult mortality, the lowest fecundity. On a word, S.psammophila was a better host plant of A. deserticola depanding assayed by standards of development speed, mortality and fecundity.

In order to explore the resistance of the local dominant tomato cultivars to root knot nematode, and guide farmers to choose the suitable cultivars, the resistance in field were identified for twenty tomato cultivars which were planted and bred in Inner Mongolia area. The results revealed that in those tested cultivars six cultivars showed immune, three cultivars showed high resistance, two cultivars showed resistance, the others were susceptible or high susceptible to root-knot nematode.

This research carried out the culture condition s and fermentation formula optimization of alfalfa rhizobia M2.By setting the different temperature, pH, speed, and adjusting the fermentation formula, we got the optimal fermentation process.The optimal temperature was 30 ℃, the optimum pH was 7.5 before sterilization, the optimal rotate speed was 180 r/min.After further formula adjustment,the bacterium number was stable at 90×10~8cfu/m L.

We took the phytoplankton summer survey of Zhalong wetland on 8 sampling points, in July,2014.There were 6phylas and 95 speicies（including varieties, forms）.Chlorophyta and bacillariophyta were the major part of the phytoplankton.By using the method of functional group classification, the phytoplankton was divided into 22 different functional groups.There were twelve common functional groups（functional group frequency was greater than 65%）, MP、P、D、C、J、Lo、F、N、X1、X2、W1、TD. MP, P, D, C can be detected at each sampling point. In addition, 1# P and D were dominant functional groups; 2# J and C are the dominant functional groups;3# J、C and MP were dominate functional groups; 4# P and MP were the dominant functional groups; 5# Lo and N were dominate functional groups;6# MP、P and N were dominate functional groups;7# P and MP were the dominant functional groups; 8# P and D were dominate functional groups. What＇s more, based on the Q index method, we evaluated the water quality of the functional group. The relationship of the Q value was 7#6#8# 5# 4# 3# 1# 2#.The evaluation results were：1# and 2# were medium; 3# was good quality;4#、5#、6#、7#、8# were excellent quality, just slight pollution. This result was consistent with the result of diversity index and evaluation.

The development and growth power of potato industry is originated from benefit drive,only when industry can bring about stable and considerable income, industrial subjects have the willingness and enthusiasm of working in the industry chain.The income of production,circulation and process in potato industry chain are unbalanced through comparative analysis using theory of industrial economics,which showing ＂large in the middle small at the two extremes＂features. Therefore, from the perspective of industry development and farmers＇ income,not only to find ways to increase the income of all sectors,but also to balance different aspects of income distribution,in order to achieve coordinated and healthy development of the industry.

With the popularization of education, upgrading of the quality of human, the employment situation becomes more and more severe.What are the influencing factors of the future employment？ The most direct factor is their professional competence and the quality. Henan Agricultural University is the representative of colleges and universities in Henan,it is urgent to improve the employment competitiveness,broadening the students＇ professional quality, which has become the inevitable trend. Firstly the problem is discussed that their career competitiveness. These influence factors in their career competitiveness are： the poor mental quality,the unclear career plan, the lack of understanding of the modern workplace, the inaccurate employment situation and its deviation. Finally, the two recommendations are put from the view of the college students. On the one hand, higher education closely follows the market;the seamless is achieved between professionals and industrial. On the another hand, the reform of education methods promotes the learning with practice.

Efficient Cr（Ⅵ） adsorbent based on mat rush（Juncus effusus L.） was prepared in case of not being smashed, along with activated carbon（AC） particles being deposited on the rush surface. The adsorption behaviour was studied and adsorption curves were fitted by kinetics equations and isotherm models.The results showed that the dynamic adsorption met the pseudosecond order kinetics, which indicated that the adsorption rate was controlled by chemical adsorption. The adsorption isotherm was found to follow the Langmuir model rather than Freundlich model. The deposition of AC particles greatly enhanced the adsorption ability of the rush, in condition that the pH value was 1.0, the adsorbent dosage was 1.0 g/50 m L, and the oscillation time was 20 hours, an adsorption rate of 99.6% was obtained in the 100 mg/L Cr（Ⅵ） solution at 25 ℃.

With high temperature days data from 16 stations in Hulun Buir during 1960—2012,the results showed that the geographical distribution of high temperature days were unevenness. The days of southwestern area were the most, followed by central and southeastern area, the northern area were the least. Hot weather occured in May to September, most appeared in June to August, up to June, September least. The maximum Interdecadal change of high temperature was the end of the1990 s to the first decade of this century, then the early 1980 s, followed by the late 1960 s, particularly small number of high temperature days was the late 1980 s. In the recent 53 years, the extreme maximum temperature was 42.5 ℃,which appeared on the July 21 th in 2004 at Xinbaerhuyouqi.

Through analysis of Silas Mulun River basin climate data from 1995 to 2012, it indicates that the annual average temperature, evaporation, precipitation in the basin is showed a trend of falling volatility and extreme value than the large difference,and between the interannual change is bigger in the basin. Silas Mulun River basin precipitation mainly concentrated in the summer. In April, June, July and August runoff in more than 5×107m3, accounted for 15.3%, 12.4%,25.5%, 12.4%.Starting in September decreased runoff with precipitation, Affected by the differences between different years precipitation, Silas Mulun River basin runoff is relatively strong,Annual runoff showed a trend of fluctuations to reduce in Silas Mulun river basin, the variation tendency rate of average annual runoff is 3.4 ×108 m3/10 a.There is significant positive correlation from Annual runoff changes and climate conditions in Silas Mulun River basin, Annual runoff increased（or lower）with the interannual temperature, evaporation, rainfall and increase（or decrease）.

Based on climatological data from 1960 to 2012 and observational data of soil moisture from 1982 to 2012 at Guyang county of Baotou city, analysis of climate change and its effect on soil moisture in recent 50 years were done by using regression and correlation analysis. The results showed that the temperature at Guyang county showed a significantly up trend and the annual temperature had gone up 2.1 ℃ in recent 53 years. The annual precipitation showed a slow increasing trend, but the precipitation in summer was in slow decline when the crop demanded more water; soil moistures decreased significantly in recent 31 years, which showed a markedly downward trend in autumn; soil moistures had negative correlation with temperature and it had positive correlation with precipitation; effect of temperature and precipitation on soil moisture in summer was significant.

Based on the meteorological disaster loss data, a composite index of meteorological disaster losses was estimated by the integration method.Its characteristic and the correlations with temperature and precipitation were analyzed. The results showed that the number of death people caused by meteorological disasters had greater affect to the composite index of meteorological disaster losses than the direct economic losses. The composite index showed a significant increaing trend during 1980—2015. The changing trend of the composite index before the year of 1998 were not pronounced and the number of death people played a primary role in meteorological disaster losses. After that it increased significantly, the primary role in meteorological disaster losses changed to the direct economic losses. The meteorological disaster losses level was yearly increased during 1980—2015 and was more serious after 1998. The direct economic losses and the composite index were significantly associated with temperature, and the correlation between the number of death people and precipitation were significant too. Temperature and precipitation anomalies were the main reason for the extreme weather occurring frequently and the meteorological disaster loss aggravate.

Silage maize plays an important role in the development of animal husbandry.Germplasm resources,major characteristics and present silage maize breeding in China were reviewed.The breeding target of silage maize in the near future was proposed,and discussed the prospects for the development of silage maize to provide reference for future silage maize breeding.

In vitro potato production is one of the most effec tive measures to solve the degradation of potato. It is of great significance to accelerate the development and promotion of potato virus free seed potato. In this paper, the effects of temperature, light, culture medium and exogenous hormones on the control of potato tissue culture seedlings in vitro were summarized, The practical significance of the application of potato tube potato production technology was put forward, and the main direction of the next step in the research of potato production.

Significantly related to vernalization characteristics and freezing resistance of wheat, but has no relation with the frost resistance, so in frost prone areas to promote strong frost winter and semi winter varieties and can not completely eliminate or avoid frost damage. By the field investigation analysis of frost resistance varieties more general conclusions, but by using the artificial frost box can not only accurate identification of winter wheat frost resistance changing period, namely low temperature sensitive phase, but also the identification method of frost resistance of winter wheat varieties force more convenient. Based on the domestic and foreign research results, put forward a series of countermeasures： breeding resistant varieties, optimizing the layout of planting; seedling cultivation, enhancement of winter wheat frost resistance; By means of INA bacteria and gene engineering, improved varieties of frost resistance.

Slow/controlled release fertilizer is an effective method to improve utilization rate of fertilizer. Natural polymer coated has the features of a wide range of sources,biodegradable and low price,it can be used to coating of slow/controlled release fertilizer by modification.In this paper,it summarized the types of modified natural polymer coating and it also summarized and prospected the application of modified natural polymer coating in slow/controlled release fertilizer.

Bacillus megaterium is a beneficial kind of functional bacteria,it is widely concerned and deeply studied because of the advantages of environmental friendliness,food crop safety,harmless to human and animal and so on. The research status of Bacillus megaterium on phosphate-solubilizing, biological control,water purification Exogenous gene expression and so on were summarized in this paper,it would provide the theoretical basis for further study of Bacillus megaterium.

The potato ridge film mulching furrow planting seeding unit provides the technical support for mechanical planting potato by using ridge furrow collecting rain cultivation technique. It can complete ditching, fertilizing, seeding, ridging,shaping, plastic mulching, film pressing and soil covering operations at one time. Hence, the dry farming agriculture cultivation mode of ridge film mulching furrow planting seeding can be achieved. A folded frame was designed for the unit that can be put into working and transporting positions respectively and the transportation safety of the unit have been improved. Compared with the same type device at home and abroad, the structure of the unit is simple, compact and flexible and the price is low. So it is easy to be manufactured and spreaded.

At the project area of facility production,researchers promoted new carbon dioxide gas fertilization.We summarized something about the use of the principle, application method, matters needing attention and promotion effect, and put forward some suggestions to promote about the shortcomings of fertilization,it provide a key gas fertilization technique for facilities agricultural production.

Duolun County of Inner Mongolia is a region with abundant water resources and rich resources of aquatic animals and plants,Its ecological environment is very good, and is an ideal area to develop aquaculture.but fishing industry development is relatively slow. fishery resources,breeding situation and the existence question in Duolun County were analyzed in this paper, and development ideas in the future were also put forward.

Farmers blind and excessive use fertilizer in sprinkler irrigation circle of potato growing areas, only pay attention to use ignoring the protection, which causing the soil physical and chemical properties worsening year by year and making production efficiency lower. Organic fertilizer has an irreplaceable role on soil improvement, soil fertility. Through policy guidance, publicity and training, and materialized in the form of subsidies to encourage farmers to collecting, composting and increasing organic fertilizer to reduce the dosage of chemical fertilizer, change the concept of reuse to ground. We should make full use of organic fertilizer under the premise of ensuring crops benefit, which is the rich resources in Xilingol League,through optimizing fertilization structure, reduce the unreasonable investment, improve the quality of potato to achieve a fertilizer efficiency, and combination of organic- inorganic sustainable development road to reach fertilizer zero growth targets.